"Merge Tagged PR 1012"

src/common/assert.h

@@ -28,18 +28,14 @@ __declspec(noinline, noreturn)
 }
 
 #define ASSERT(_a_)                                                                                \
-    do                                                                                             \
-        if (!(_a_)) {                                                                              \
-            assert_noinline_call([] { LOG_CRITICAL(Debug, "Assertion Failed!"); });                \
-        }                                                                                          \
-    while (0)
+    if (!(_a_)) {                                                                                  \
+        LOG_CRITICAL(Debug, "Assertion Failed!");                                                  \
+    }
 
 #define ASSERT_MSG(_a_, ...)                                                                       \
-    do                                                                                             \
-        if (!(_a_)) {                                                                              \
-            assert_noinline_call([&] { LOG_CRITICAL(Debug, "Assertion Failed!\n" __VA_ARGS__); }); \
-        }                                                                                          \
-    while (0)
+    if (!(_a_)) {                                                                                  \
+        LOG_CRITICAL(Debug, "Assertion Failed! " __VA_ARGS__);                                     \
+    }
 
 #define UNREACHABLE() ASSERT_MSG(false, "Unreachable code!")
 #define UNREACHABLE_MSG(...) ASSERT_MSG(false, __VA_ARGS__)

src/core/hle/kernel/hle_ipc.cpp

@@ -58,8 +58,7 @@ SharedPtr<WritableEvent> HLERequestContext::SleepClientThread(
     auto& kernel = Core::System::GetInstance().Kernel();
     if (!writable_event) {
         // Create event if not provided
-        const auto pair = WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, ResetType::Automatic,
-                                                         "HLE Pause Event: " + reason);
+        const auto pair = WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "HLE Pause Event: " + reason);
         writable_event = pair.writable;
     }
 

src/core/hle/kernel/mutex.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/core_cpu.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/errors.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/handle_table.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ ResultCode Mutex::TryAcquire(VAddr address, Handle holding_thread_handle,
     // thread.
     ASSERT(requesting_thread == current_thread);
 
-    const u32 addr_value = Memory::Read32(address);
+    u32 addr_value = Memory::Read32(address);
 
     // If the mutex isn't being held, just return success.
     if (addr_value != (holding_thread_handle | Mutex::MutexHasWaitersFlag)) {
@@ -89,6 +90,20 @@ ResultCode Mutex::TryAcquire(VAddr address, Handle holding_thread_handle,
         return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
     }
 
+    // This a workaround where an unknown bug writes the mutex value to give ownership to a cond var
+    // waiting thread.
+    if (holding_thread->GetStatus() == ThreadStatus::WaitCondVar) {
+        if (holding_thread->GetMutexWaitAddress() == address) {
+            Release(address, holding_thread.get());
+            addr_value = Memory::Read32(address);
+            if (addr_value == 0)
+                return RESULT_SUCCESS;
+            else {
+                holding_thread = handle_table.Get<Thread>(addr_value & Mutex::MutexOwnerMask);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     // Wait until the mutex is released
     current_thread->SetMutexWaitAddress(address);
     current_thread->SetWaitHandle(requesting_thread_handle);
@@ -104,14 +119,13 @@ ResultCode Mutex::TryAcquire(VAddr address, Handle holding_thread_handle,
     return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-ResultCode Mutex::Release(VAddr address) {
+ResultCode Mutex::Release(VAddr address, Thread* holding_thread) {
     // The mutex address must be 4-byte aligned
     if ((address % sizeof(u32)) != 0) {
         return ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS;
     }
 
-    auto* const current_thread = system.CurrentScheduler().GetCurrentThread();
-    auto [thread, num_waiters] = GetHighestPriorityMutexWaitingThread(current_thread, address);
+    auto [thread, num_waiters] = GetHighestPriorityMutexWaitingThread(holding_thread, address);
 
     // There are no more threads waiting for the mutex, release it completely.
     if (thread == nullptr) {
@@ -120,7 +134,7 @@ ResultCode Mutex::Release(VAddr address) {
     }
 
     // Transfer the ownership of the mutex from the previous owner to the new one.
-    TransferMutexOwnership(address, current_thread, thread);
+    TransferMutexOwnership(address, holding_thread, thread);
 
     u32 mutex_value = thread->GetWaitHandle();
 
@@ -141,7 +155,10 @@ ResultCode Mutex::Release(VAddr address) {
     thread->SetWaitHandle(0);
     thread->SetWaitSynchronizationResult(RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
-    system.PrepareReschedule();
+    if (thread->GetProcessorID() >= 0)
+        system.CpuCore(thread->GetProcessorID()).PrepareReschedule();
+    if (holding_thread->GetProcessorID() >= 0)
+        system.CpuCore(holding_thread->GetProcessorID()).PrepareReschedule();
 
     return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }

src/core/hle/kernel/mutex.h

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ public:
                           Handle requesting_thread_handle);
 
     /// Releases the mutex at the specified address.
-    ResultCode Release(VAddr address);
+    ResultCode Release(VAddr address, Thread* holding_thread);
 
 private:
     Core::System& system;

src/core/hle/kernel/object.h

@@ -32,11 +32,6 @@ enum class HandleType : u32 {
     ServerSession,
 };
 
-enum class ResetType {
-    Automatic, ///< Reset automatically on object acquisition
-    Manual,    ///< Never reset automatically
-};
-
 class Object : NonCopyable {
 public:
     explicit Object(KernelCore& kernel);

src/core/hle/kernel/readable_event.cpp

@@ -20,15 +20,13 @@ bool ReadableEvent::ShouldWait(const Thread* thread) const {
 
 void ReadableEvent::Acquire(Thread* thread) {
     ASSERT_MSG(!ShouldWait(thread), "object unavailable!");
-
-    if (reset_type == ResetType::Automatic) {
-        signaled = false;
-    }
 }
 
 void ReadableEvent::Signal() {
-    signaled = true;
-    WakeupAllWaitingThreads();
+    if (!signaled) {
+        signaled = true;
+        WakeupAllWaitingThreads();
+    };
 }
 
 void ReadableEvent::Clear() {

src/core/hle/kernel/readable_event.h

@@ -27,10 +27,6 @@ public:
         return name;
     }
 
-    ResetType GetResetType() const {
-        return reset_type;
-    }
-
     static constexpr HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::ReadableEvent;
     HandleType GetHandleType() const override {
         return HANDLE_TYPE;
@@ -55,8 +51,7 @@ private:
 
     void Signal();
 
-    ResetType reset_type;
-    bool signaled;
+    bool signaled{};
 
     std::string name; ///< Name of event (optional)
 };

src/core/hle/kernel/svc.cpp

@@ -578,7 +578,8 @@ static ResultCode ArbitrateUnlock(Core::System& system, VAddr mutex_addr) {
     }
 
     auto* const current_process = system.Kernel().CurrentProcess();
-    return current_process->GetMutex().Release(mutex_addr);
+    return current_process->GetMutex().Release(mutex_addr,
+                                               system.CurrentScheduler().GetCurrentThread());
 }
 
 enum class BreakType : u32 {
@@ -1615,12 +1616,14 @@ static ResultCode WaitProcessWideKeyAtomic(Core::System& system, VAddr mutex_add
     SharedPtr<Thread> thread = handle_table.Get<Thread>(thread_handle);
     ASSERT(thread);
 
-    const auto release_result = current_process->GetMutex().Release(mutex_addr);
+    SharedPtr<Thread> current_thread = system.CurrentScheduler().GetCurrentThread();
+
+    const auto release_result =
+        current_process->GetMutex().Release(mutex_addr, current_thread.get());
     if (release_result.IsError()) {
         return release_result;
     }
 
-    SharedPtr<Thread> current_thread = system.CurrentScheduler().GetCurrentThread();
     current_thread->SetCondVarWaitAddress(condition_variable_addr);
     current_thread->SetMutexWaitAddress(mutex_addr);
     current_thread->SetWaitHandle(thread_handle);
@@ -2099,7 +2102,7 @@ static ResultCode CreateEvent(Core::System& system, Handle* write_handle, Handle
 
     auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
     const auto [readable_event, writable_event] =
-        WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, ResetType::Manual, "CreateEvent");
+        WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "CreateEvent");
 
     HandleTable& handle_table = kernel.CurrentProcess()->GetHandleTable();
 

src/core/hle/kernel/writable_event.cpp

@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@ namespace Kernel {
 WritableEvent::WritableEvent(KernelCore& kernel) : Object{kernel} {}
 WritableEvent::~WritableEvent() = default;
 
-EventPair WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(KernelCore& kernel, ResetType reset_type,
-                                         std::string name) {
+EventPair WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(KernelCore& kernel, std::string name) {
     SharedPtr<WritableEvent> writable_event(new WritableEvent(kernel));
     SharedPtr<ReadableEvent> readable_event(new ReadableEvent(kernel));
 
@@ -24,7 +23,6 @@ EventPair WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(KernelCore& kernel, ResetType reset_typ
     writable_event->readable = readable_event;
     readable_event->name = name + ":Readable";
     readable_event->signaled = false;
-    readable_event->reset_type = reset_type;
 
     return {std::move(readable_event), std::move(writable_event)};
 }
@@ -33,10 +31,6 @@ SharedPtr<ReadableEvent> WritableEvent::GetReadableEvent() const {
     return readable;
 }
 
-ResetType WritableEvent::GetResetType() const {
-    return readable->reset_type;
-}
-
 void WritableEvent::Signal() {
     readable->Signal();
 }

src/core/hle/kernel/writable_event.h

@@ -24,11 +24,9 @@ public:
     /**
      * Creates an event
      * @param kernel The kernel instance to create this event under.
-     * @param reset_type ResetType describing how to create event
      * @param name Optional name of event
      */
-    static EventPair CreateEventPair(KernelCore& kernel, ResetType reset_type,
-                                     std::string name = "Unknown");
+    static EventPair CreateEventPair(KernelCore& kernel, std::string name = "Unknown");
 
     std::string GetTypeName() const override {
         return "WritableEvent";
@@ -44,8 +42,6 @@ public:
 
     SharedPtr<ReadableEvent> GetReadableEvent() const;
 
-    ResetType GetResetType() const;
-
     void Signal();
     void Clear();
     bool IsSignaled() const;

src/core/hle/service/am/am.cpp

@@ -289,8 +289,8 @@ ISelfController::ISelfController(Core::System& system,
     RegisterHandlers(functions);
 
     auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
-    launchable_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual,
-                                                              "ISelfController:LaunchableEvent");
+    launchable_event =
+        Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "ISelfController:LaunchableEvent");
 
     // This event is created by AM on the first time GetAccumulatedSuspendedTickChangedEvent() is
     // called. Yuzu can just create it unconditionally, since it doesn't need to support multiple
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ ISelfController::ISelfController(Core::System& system,
     // suspended if the event has previously been created by a call to
     // GetAccumulatedSuspendedTickChangedEvent.
     accumulated_suspended_tick_changed_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-        kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual, "ISelfController:AccumulatedSuspendedTickChangedEvent");
+        kernel, "ISelfController:AccumulatedSuspendedTickChangedEvent");
     accumulated_suspended_tick_changed_event.writable->Signal();
 }
 
@@ -523,10 +523,10 @@ void ISelfController::GetAccumulatedSuspendedTickChangedEvent(Kernel::HLERequest
 }
 
 AppletMessageQueue::AppletMessageQueue(Kernel::KernelCore& kernel) {
-    on_new_message = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual,
-                                                            "AMMessageQueue:OnMessageRecieved");
-    on_operation_mode_changed = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-        kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic, "AMMessageQueue:OperationModeChanged");
+    on_new_message =
+        Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "AMMessageQueue:OnMessageRecieved");
+    on_operation_mode_changed =
+        Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "AMMessageQueue:OperationModeChanged");
 }
 
 AppletMessageQueue::~AppletMessageQueue() = default;
@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ IApplicationFunctions::IApplicationFunctions(Core::System& system_)
 
     auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
     gpu_error_detected_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-        kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual, "IApplicationFunctions:GpuErrorDetectedSystemEvent");
+        kernel, "IApplicationFunctions:GpuErrorDetectedSystemEvent");
 }
 
 IApplicationFunctions::~IApplicationFunctions() = default;

src/core/hle/service/am/applets/applets.cpp

@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@
 namespace Service::AM::Applets {
 
 AppletDataBroker::AppletDataBroker(Kernel::KernelCore& kernel) {
-    state_changed_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-        kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual, "ILibraryAppletAccessor:StateChangedEvent");
-    pop_out_data_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-        kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual, "ILibraryAppletAccessor:PopDataOutEvent");
+    state_changed_event =
+        Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "ILibraryAppletAccessor:StateChangedEvent");
+    pop_out_data_event =
+        Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "ILibraryAppletAccessor:PopDataOutEvent");
     pop_interactive_out_data_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-        kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual, "ILibraryAppletAccessor:PopInteractiveDataOutEvent");
+        kernel, "ILibraryAppletAccessor:PopInteractiveDataOutEvent");
 }
 
 AppletDataBroker::~AppletDataBroker() = default;

src/core/hle/service/aoc/aoc_u.cpp

@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ AOC_U::AOC_U(Core::System& system)
     RegisterHandlers(functions);
 
     auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
-    aoc_change_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual,
-                                                              "GetAddOnContentListChanged:Event");
+    aoc_change_event =
+        Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "GetAddOnContentListChanged:Event");
 }
 
 AOC_U::~AOC_U() = default;

src/core/hle/service/audio/audout_u.cpp

@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ public:
         RegisterHandlers(functions);
 
         // This is the event handle used to check if the audio buffer was released
-        buffer_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            system.Kernel(), Kernel::ResetType::Manual, "IAudioOutBufferReleased");
+        buffer_event =
+            Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(system.Kernel(), "IAudioOutBufferReleased");
 
         stream = audio_core.OpenStream(system.CoreTiming(), audio_params.sample_rate,
                                        audio_params.channel_count, std::move(unique_name),

src/core/hle/service/audio/audren_u.cpp

@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ public:
         // clang-format on
         RegisterHandlers(functions);
 
-        system_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            system.Kernel(), Kernel::ResetType::Manual, "IAudioRenderer:SystemEvent");
+        system_event =
+            Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(system.Kernel(), "IAudioRenderer:SystemEvent");
         renderer = std::make_unique<AudioCore::AudioRenderer>(
             system.CoreTiming(), audren_params, system_event.writable, instance_number);
     }
@@ -180,17 +180,17 @@ public:
         RegisterHandlers(functions);
 
         auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
-        buffer_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic,
-                                                              "IAudioOutBufferReleasedEvent");
+        buffer_event =
+            Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "IAudioOutBufferReleasedEvent");
 
         // Should be similar to audio_output_device_switch_event
         audio_input_device_switch_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic, "IAudioDevice:AudioInputDeviceSwitchedEvent");
+            kernel, "IAudioDevice:AudioInputDeviceSwitchedEvent");
 
         // Should only be signalled when an audio output device has been changed, example: speaker
         // to headset
         audio_output_device_switch_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic, "IAudioDevice:AudioOutputDeviceSwitchedEvent");
+            kernel, "IAudioDevice:AudioOutputDeviceSwitchedEvent");
     }
 
 private:

src/core/hle/service/bcat/backend/backend.cpp

@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ namespace Service::BCAT {
 ProgressServiceBackend::ProgressServiceBackend(Kernel::KernelCore& kernel,
                                                std::string_view event_name) {
     event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-        kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic,
-        std::string("ProgressServiceBackend:UpdateEvent:").append(event_name));
+        kernel, std::string("ProgressServiceBackend:UpdateEvent:").append(event_name));
 }
 
 Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::ReadableEvent> ProgressServiceBackend::GetEvent() const {

src/core/hle/service/btdrv/btdrv.cpp

@@ -34,8 +34,7 @@ public:
         RegisterHandlers(functions);
 
         auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
-        register_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic, "BT:RegisterEvent");
+        register_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "BT:RegisterEvent");
     }
 
 private:

src/core/hle/service/btm/btm.cpp

@@ -57,14 +57,12 @@ public:
         RegisterHandlers(functions);
 
         auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
-        scan_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic,
-                                                            "IBtmUserCore:ScanEvent");
-        connection_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic, "IBtmUserCore:ConnectionEvent");
-        service_discovery = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic, "IBtmUserCore:Discovery");
-        config_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic,
-                                                              "IBtmUserCore:ConfigEvent");
+        scan_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "IBtmUserCore:ScanEvent");
+        connection_event =
+            Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "IBtmUserCore:ConnectionEvent");
+        service_discovery =
+            Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "IBtmUserCore:Discovery");
+        config_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "IBtmUserCore:ConfigEvent");
     }
 
 private:

src/core/hle/service/filesystem/filesystem.cpp

@@ -40,7 +40,10 @@ static FileSys::VirtualDir GetDirectoryRelativeWrapped(FileSys::VirtualDir base,
     if (dir_name.empty() || dir_name == "." || dir_name == "/" || dir_name == "\\")
         return base;
 
-    return base->GetDirectoryRelative(dir_name);
+    const auto res = base->GetDirectoryRelative(dir_name);
+    if (res == nullptr)
+        return base->CreateDirectoryRelative(dir_name);
+    return res;
 }
 
 VfsDirectoryServiceWrapper::VfsDirectoryServiceWrapper(FileSys::VirtualDir backing_)

src/core/hle/service/friend/friend.cpp

@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ public:
         RegisterHandlers(functions);
 
         notification_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            system.Kernel(), Kernel::ResetType::Manual, "INotificationService:NotifyEvent");
+            system.Kernel(), "INotificationService:NotifyEvent");
     }
 
 private:

src/core/hle/service/hid/controllers/npad.cpp

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ void Controller_NPad::OnInit() {
     auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
     for (std::size_t i = 0; i < styleset_changed_events.size(); i++) {
         styleset_changed_events[i] = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual, fmt::format("npad:NpadStyleSetChanged_{}", i));
+            kernel, fmt::format("npad:NpadStyleSetChanged_{}", i));
     }
 
     if (!IsControllerActivated()) {

src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.cpp

@@ -203,13 +203,13 @@ Hid::Hid(Core::System& system) : ServiceFramework("hid"), system(system) {
         {120, &Hid::SetNpadJoyHoldType, "SetNpadJoyHoldType"},
         {121, &Hid::GetNpadJoyHoldType, "GetNpadJoyHoldType"},
         {122, &Hid::SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeSingleByDefault, "SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeSingleByDefault"},
-        {123, nullptr, "SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeSingleByDefault"},
+        {123, &Hid::SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeSingle, "SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeSingle"},
         {124, &Hid::SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeDual, "SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeDual"},
         {125, &Hid::MergeSingleJoyAsDualJoy, "MergeSingleJoyAsDualJoy"},
         {126, &Hid::StartLrAssignmentMode, "StartLrAssignmentMode"},
         {127, &Hid::StopLrAssignmentMode, "StopLrAssignmentMode"},
         {128, &Hid::SetNpadHandheldActivationMode, "SetNpadHandheldActivationMode"},
-        {129, nullptr, "GetNpadHandheldActivationMode"},
+        {129, &Hid::GetNpadHandheldActivationMode, "GetNpadHandheldActivationMode"},
         {130, &Hid::SwapNpadAssignment, "SwapNpadAssignment"},
         {131, nullptr, "IsUnintendedHomeButtonInputProtectionEnabled"},
         {132, nullptr, "EnableUnintendedHomeButtonInputProtection"},
@@ -557,10 +557,126 @@ void Hid::SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeSingleByDefault(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx
     LOG_WARNING(Service_HID, "(STUBBED) called, npad_id={}, applet_resource_user_id={}", npad_id,
                 applet_resource_user_id);
 
+    auto& controller = applet_resource->GetController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
+    controller.SetNpadMode(npad_id, Controller_NPad::NPadAssignments::Single);
+
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
     rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
+void Hid::SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeSingle(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    // TODO: Check the differences between this and SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeSingleByDefault
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto npad_id{rp.Pop<u32>()};
+    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
+    const auto npad_joy_device_type{rp.Pop<u64>()};
+
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_HID,
+                "(STUBBED) called, npad_id={}, applet_resource_user_id={}, npad_joy_device_type={}",
+                npad_id, applet_resource_user_id, npad_joy_device_type);
+
+    auto& controller = applet_resource->GetController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
+    controller.SetNpadMode(npad_id, Controller_NPad::NPadAssignments::Single);
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+void Hid::SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeDual(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto npad_id{rp.Pop<u32>()};
+    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
+
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID, "called, npad_id={}, applet_resource_user_id={}", npad_id,
+              applet_resource_user_id);
+
+    auto& controller = applet_resource->GetController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
+    controller.SetNpadMode(npad_id, Controller_NPad::NPadAssignments::Dual);
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+void Hid::MergeSingleJoyAsDualJoy(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto unknown_1{rp.Pop<u32>()};
+    const auto unknown_2{rp.Pop<u32>()};
+    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
+
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_HID,
+                "(STUBBED) called, unknown_1={}, unknown_2={}, applet_resource_user_id={}",
+                unknown_1, unknown_2, applet_resource_user_id);
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+void Hid::StartLrAssignmentMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
+
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID, "called, applet_resource_user_id={}", applet_resource_user_id);
+    auto& controller = applet_resource->GetController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
+    controller.StartLRAssignmentMode();
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+void Hid::StopLrAssignmentMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
+
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID, "called, applet_resource_user_id={}", applet_resource_user_id);
+    auto& controller = applet_resource->GetController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
+    controller.StopLRAssignmentMode();
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+void Hid::SetNpadHandheldActivationMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
+    const auto mode{rp.Pop<u64>()};
+
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_HID, "(STUBBED) called, applet_resource_user_id={}, mode={}",
+                applet_resource_user_id, mode);
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+void Hid::GetNpadHandheldActivationMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
+
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_HID, "(STUBBED) called, applet_resource_user_id={}",
+                applet_resource_user_id);
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+void Hid::SwapNpadAssignment(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto npad_1{rp.Pop<u32>()};
+    const auto npad_2{rp.Pop<u32>()};
+    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
+
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID, "called, applet_resource_user_id={}, npad_1={}, npad_2={}",
+              applet_resource_user_id, npad_1, npad_2);
+
+    auto& controller = applet_resource->GetController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    if (controller.SwapNpadAssignment(npad_1, npad_2)) {
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    } else {
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Npads are not connected!");
+        rb.Push(ERR_NPAD_NOT_CONNECTED);
+    }
+}
+
 void Hid::BeginPermitVibrationSession(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
     const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
@@ -635,47 +751,6 @@ void Hid::GetActualVibrationValue(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
         applet_resource->GetController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad).GetLastVibration());
 }
 
-void Hid::SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeDual(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto npad_id{rp.Pop<u32>()};
-    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
-
-    LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID, "called, npad_id={}, applet_resource_user_id={}", npad_id,
-              applet_resource_user_id);
-
-    auto& controller = applet_resource->GetController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
-    controller.SetNpadMode(npad_id, Controller_NPad::NPadAssignments::Dual);
-
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-}
-
-void Hid::MergeSingleJoyAsDualJoy(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto unknown_1{rp.Pop<u32>()};
-    const auto unknown_2{rp.Pop<u32>()};
-    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
-
-    LOG_WARNING(Service_HID,
-                "(STUBBED) called, unknown_1={}, unknown_2={}, applet_resource_user_id={}",
-                unknown_1, unknown_2, applet_resource_user_id);
-
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-}
-
-void Hid::SetNpadHandheldActivationMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
-    const auto mode{rp.Pop<u64>()};
-
-    LOG_WARNING(Service_HID, "(STUBBED) called, applet_resource_user_id={}, mode={}",
-                applet_resource_user_id, mode);
-
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-}
-
 void Hid::GetVibrationDeviceInfo(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID, "called");
 
@@ -769,49 +844,6 @@ void Hid::SetPalmaBoostMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
-void Hid::StartLrAssignmentMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
-
-    LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID, "called, applet_resource_user_id={}", applet_resource_user_id);
-    auto& controller = applet_resource->GetController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
-    controller.StartLRAssignmentMode();
-
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-}
-
-void Hid::StopLrAssignmentMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
-
-    LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID, "called, applet_resource_user_id={}", applet_resource_user_id);
-    auto& controller = applet_resource->GetController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
-    controller.StopLRAssignmentMode();
-
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-}
-
-void Hid::SwapNpadAssignment(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto npad_1{rp.Pop<u32>()};
-    const auto npad_2{rp.Pop<u32>()};
-    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
-
-    LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID, "called, applet_resource_user_id={}, npad_1={}, npad_2={}",
-              applet_resource_user_id, npad_1, npad_2);
-
-    auto& controller = applet_resource->GetController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    if (controller.SwapNpadAssignment(npad_1, npad_2)) {
-        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-    } else {
-        LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Npads are not connected!");
-        rb.Push(ERR_NPAD_NOT_CONNECTED);
-    }
-}
-
 class HidDbg final : public ServiceFramework<HidDbg> {
 public:
     explicit HidDbg() : ServiceFramework{"hid:dbg"} {

src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.h

@@ -106,14 +106,19 @@ private:
     void SetNpadJoyHoldType(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void GetNpadJoyHoldType(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeSingleByDefault(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeSingle(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeDual(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void MergeSingleJoyAsDualJoy(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void StartLrAssignmentMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void StopLrAssignmentMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void SetNpadHandheldActivationMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void GetNpadHandheldActivationMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void SwapNpadAssignment(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void BeginPermitVibrationSession(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void EndPermitVibrationSession(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void SendVibrationValue(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void SendVibrationValues(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void GetActualVibrationValue(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void SetNpadJoyAssignmentModeDual(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void MergeSingleJoyAsDualJoy(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void SetNpadHandheldActivationMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void GetVibrationDeviceInfo(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void CreateActiveVibrationDeviceList(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void PermitVibration(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
@@ -123,9 +128,6 @@ private:
     void StopSixAxisSensor(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void SetIsPalmaAllConnectable(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void SetPalmaBoostMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void StartLrAssignmentMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void StopLrAssignmentMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void SwapNpadAssignment(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
 
     std::shared_ptr<IAppletResource> applet_resource;
     Core::System& system;

src/core/hle/service/lbl/lbl.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/lbl/lbl.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/sm/sm.h"
+#include "core/settings.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_base.h"
 
 namespace Service::LBL {
 
@@ -18,21 +20,21 @@ public:
     explicit LBL() : ServiceFramework{"lbl"} {
         // clang-format off
         static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-            {0, nullptr, "SaveCurrentSetting"},
-            {1, nullptr, "LoadCurrentSetting"},
-            {2, nullptr, "SetCurrentBrightnessSetting"},
-            {3, nullptr, "GetCurrentBrightnessSetting"},
-            {4, nullptr, "ApplyCurrentBrightnessSettingToBacklight"},
-            {5, nullptr, "GetBrightnessSettingAppliedToBacklight"},
-            {6, nullptr, "SwitchBacklightOn"},
-            {7, nullptr, "SwitchBacklightOff"},
-            {8, nullptr, "GetBacklightSwitchStatus"},
-            {9, nullptr, "EnableDimming"},
-            {10, nullptr, "DisableDimming"},
-            {11, nullptr, "IsDimmingEnabled"},
-            {12, nullptr, "EnableAutoBrightnessControl"},
-            {13, nullptr, "DisableAutoBrightnessControl"},
-            {14, nullptr, "IsAutoBrightnessControlEnabled"},
+            {0, &LBL::SaveCurrentSetting, "SaveCurrentSetting"},
+            {1, &LBL::LoadCurrentSetting, "LoadCurrentSetting"},
+            {2, &LBL::SetCurrentBrightnessSetting, "SetCurrentBrightnessSetting"},
+            {3, &LBL::GetCurrentBrightnessSetting, "GetCurrentBrightnessSetting"},
+            {4, &LBL::ApplyCurrentBrightnessSettingToBacklight, "ApplyCurrentBrightnessSettingToBacklight"},
+            {5, &LBL::GetBrightnessSettingAppliedToBacklight, "GetBrightnessSettingAppliedToBacklight"},
+            {6, &LBL::SwitchBacklightOn, "SwitchBacklightOn"},
+            {7, &LBL::SwitchBacklightOff, "SwitchBacklightOff"},
+            {8, &LBL::GetBacklightSwitchStatus, "GetBacklightSwitchStatus"},
+            {9, &LBL::EnableDimming, "EnableDimming"},
+            {10, &LBL::DisableDimming, "DisableDimming"},
+            {11, &LBL::IsDimmingEnabled, "IsDimmingEnabled"},
+            {12, &LBL::EnableAutoBrightnessControl, "EnableAutoBrightnessControl"},
+            {13, &LBL::DisableAutoBrightnessControl, "DisableAutoBrightnessControl"},
+            {14, &LBL::IsAutoBrightnessControlEnabled, "IsAutoBrightnessControlEnabled"},
             {15, nullptr, "SetAmbientLightSensorValue"},
             {16, nullptr, "GetAmbientLightSensorValue"},
             {17, nullptr, "SetBrightnessReflectionDelayLevel"},
@@ -42,8 +44,8 @@ public:
             {21, nullptr, "SetCurrentAmbientLightSensorMapping"},
             {22, nullptr, "GetCurrentAmbientLightSensorMapping"},
             {23, nullptr, "IsAmbientLightSensorAvailable"},
-            {24, nullptr, "SetCurrentBrightnessSettingForVrMode"},
-            {25, nullptr, "GetCurrentBrightnessSettingForVrMode"},
+            {24, &LBL::SetCurrentBrightnessSettingForVrMode, "SetCurrentBrightnessSettingForVrMode"},
+            {25, &LBL::GetCurrentBrightnessSettingForVrMode, "GetCurrentBrightnessSettingForVrMode"},
             {26, &LBL::EnableVrMode, "EnableVrMode"},
             {27, &LBL::DisableVrMode, "DisableVrMode"},
             {28, &LBL::IsVrModeEnabled, "IsVrModeEnabled"},
@@ -53,13 +55,209 @@ public:
         RegisterHandlers(functions);
     }
 
+    void LoadFromSettings() {
+        current_brightness = Settings::values.backlight_brightness;
+        current_vr_mode_brightness = Settings::values.backlight_brightness;
+
+        if (auto_brightness_enabled) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (vr_mode_enabled) {
+            Renderer().SetCurrentBrightness(current_vr_mode_brightness);
+        } else {
+            Renderer().SetCurrentBrightness(current_brightness);
+        }
+    }
+
 private:
+    f32 GetAutoBrightnessValue() const {
+        return 0.5f;
+    }
+
+    VideoCore::RendererBase& Renderer() {
+        return Core::System::GetInstance().Renderer();
+    }
+
+    void SaveCurrentSetting(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        Settings::values.backlight_brightness = current_brightness;
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void LoadCurrentSetting(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        LoadFromSettings();
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void SetCurrentBrightnessSetting(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+        const auto value = rp.PopRaw<f32>();
+
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called, value={:.3f}", value);
+
+        current_brightness = std::clamp(value, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void GetCurrentBrightnessSetting(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+        rb.Push(current_brightness);
+    }
+
+    void ApplyCurrentBrightnessSettingToBacklight(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        if (!auto_brightness_enabled) {
+            Renderer().SetCurrentBrightness(vr_mode_enabled ? current_vr_mode_brightness
+                                                            : current_brightness);
+        }
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void GetBrightnessSettingAppliedToBacklight(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+        rb.Push(Renderer().GetCurrentResultantBrightness());
+    }
+
+    void SwitchBacklightOn(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+        const auto fade_time = rp.PopRaw<u64>();
+
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called, fade_time={:016X}", fade_time);
+
+        Renderer().SetBacklightStatus(true, fade_time);
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void SwitchBacklightOff(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+        const auto fade_time = rp.PopRaw<u64>();
+
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called, fade_time={:016X}", fade_time);
+
+        Renderer().SetBacklightStatus(false, fade_time);
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void GetBacklightSwitchStatus(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+        rb.Push<u8>(Renderer().GetBacklightStatus());
+    }
+
+    void EnableDimming(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        dimming_enabled = true;
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void DisableDimming(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "callled");
+
+        dimming_enabled = false;
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void IsDimmingEnabled(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+        rb.Push<u8>(dimming_enabled);
+    }
+
+    void EnableAutoBrightnessControl(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        auto_brightness_enabled = true;
+        Renderer().SetCurrentBrightness(GetAutoBrightnessValue());
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void DisableAutoBrightnessControl(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        auto_brightness_enabled = false;
+        Renderer().SetCurrentBrightness(current_brightness);
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void IsAutoBrightnessControlEnabled(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+        rb.Push<u8>(auto_brightness_enabled);
+    }
+
+    void SetCurrentBrightnessSettingForVrMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+        const auto value = rp.PopRaw<f32>();
+
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called, value={:.3f}", value);
+
+        current_vr_mode_brightness = std::clamp(value, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+
+        if (vr_mode_enabled && !auto_brightness_enabled) {
+            Renderer().SetCurrentBrightness(value);
+        }
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void GetCurrentBrightnessSettingForVrMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+        rb.Push(current_vr_mode_brightness);
+    }
+
     void EnableVrMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
         LOG_DEBUG(Service_LBL, "called");
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
+        if (!vr_mode_enabled && !auto_brightness_enabled &&
+            current_brightness != current_vr_mode_brightness) {
+            Renderer().SetCurrentBrightness(current_vr_mode_brightness);
+        }
+
         vr_mode_enabled = true;
     }
 
@@ -69,6 +267,11 @@ private:
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
+        if (vr_mode_enabled && !auto_brightness_enabled &&
+            current_brightness != current_vr_mode_brightness) {
+            Renderer().SetCurrentBrightness(current_brightness);
+        }
+
         vr_mode_enabled = false;
     }
 
@@ -80,9 +283,27 @@ private:
         rb.Push(vr_mode_enabled);
     }
 
+    bool auto_brightness_enabled = false;
+    bool dimming_enabled = true;
+
+    f32 current_brightness = GetAutoBrightnessValue();
+    f32 current_vr_mode_brightness = GetAutoBrightnessValue();
+
     bool vr_mode_enabled = false;
 };
 
+void RequestLoadCurrentSetting(SM::ServiceManager& sm) {
+    if (&sm == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const auto lbl = sm.GetService<LBL>("lbl");
+
+    if (lbl) {
+        lbl->LoadFromSettings();
+    }
+}
+
 void InstallInterfaces(SM::ServiceManager& sm) {
     std::make_shared<LBL>()->InstallAsService(sm);
 }

src/core/hle/service/lbl/lbl.h

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ class ServiceManager;
 
 namespace Service::LBL {
 
+// Requests the LBL service passed to load brightness values from Settings
+void RequestLoadCurrentSetting(SM::ServiceManager& sm);
+
 void InstallInterfaces(SM::ServiceManager& sm);
 
 } // namespace Service::LBL

src/core/hle/service/nfp/nfp.cpp

@@ -26,8 +26,7 @@ constexpr ResultCode ERR_NO_APPLICATION_AREA(ErrorModule::NFP, 152);
 Module::Interface::Interface(std::shared_ptr<Module> module, Core::System& system, const char* name)
     : ServiceFramework(name), module(std::move(module)), system(system) {
     auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
-    nfc_tag_load = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic,
-                                                          "IUser:NFCTagDetected");
+    nfc_tag_load = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "IUser:NFCTagDetected");
 }
 
 Module::Interface::~Interface() = default;
@@ -66,10 +65,9 @@ public:
         RegisterHandlers(functions);
 
         auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
-        deactivate_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic, "IUser:DeactivateEvent");
-        availability_change_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic, "IUser:AvailabilityChangeEvent");
+        deactivate_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "IUser:DeactivateEvent");
+        availability_change_event =
+            Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "IUser:AvailabilityChangeEvent");
     }
 
 private:

src/core/hle/service/nifm/nifm.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/writable_event.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nifm/nifm.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
+#include "core/settings.h"
 
 namespace Service::NIFM {
 
@@ -69,10 +70,8 @@ public:
         RegisterHandlers(functions);
 
         auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
-        event1 = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic,
-                                                        "IRequest:Event1");
-        event2 = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic,
-                                                        "IRequest:Event2");
+        event1 = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "IRequest:Event1");
+        event2 = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "IRequest:Event2");
     }
 
 private:
@@ -88,7 +87,12 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushEnum(RequestState::Connected);
+
+        if (Settings::values.bcat_backend == "none") {
+            rb.PushEnum(RequestState::NotSubmitted);
+        } else {
+            rb.PushEnum(RequestState::Connected);
+        }
     }
 
     void GetResult(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -196,14 +200,22 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.Push<u8>(1);
+        if (Settings::values.bcat_backend == "none") {
+            rb.Push<u8>(0);
+        } else {
+            rb.Push<u8>(1);
+        }
     }
     void IsAnyInternetRequestAccepted(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
         LOG_WARNING(Service_NIFM, "(STUBBED) called");
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.Push<u8>(1);
+        if (Settings::values.bcat_backend == "none") {
+            rb.Push<u8>(0);
+        } else {
+            rb.Push<u8>(1);
+        }
     }
     Core::System& system;
 };

src/core/hle/service/nim/nim.cpp

@@ -141,8 +141,7 @@ public:
 
         auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
         finished_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
-            kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Automatic,
-            "IEnsureNetworkClockAvailabilityService:FinishEvent");
+            kernel, "IEnsureNetworkClockAvailabilityService:FinishEvent");
     }
 
 private:

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_nvdec.cpp

@@ -22,6 +22,18 @@ u32 nvhost_nvdec::ioctl(Ioctl command, const std::vector<u8>& input, const std::
     switch (static_cast<IoctlCommand>(command.raw)) {
     case IoctlCommand::IocSetNVMAPfdCommand:
         return SetNVMAPfd(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocSubmit:
+        return Submit(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocGetSyncpoint:
+        return GetSyncpoint(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocGetWaitbase:
+        return GetWaitbase(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocMapBuffer:
+        return MapBuffer(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocMapBufferEx:
+        return MapBufferEx(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocUnmapBufferEx:
+        return UnmapBufferEx(input, output);
     }
 
     UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unimplemented ioctl");
@@ -30,11 +42,67 @@ u32 nvhost_nvdec::ioctl(Ioctl command, const std::vector<u8>& input, const std::
 
 u32 nvhost_nvdec::SetNVMAPfd(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
     IoctlSetNvmapFD params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlSetNvmapFD));
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, fd={}", params.nvmap_fd);
 
     nvmap_fd = params.nvmap_fd;
     return 0;
 }
 
+u32 nvhost_nvdec::Submit(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlSubmit params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlSubmit));
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called");
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlSubmit));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 nvhost_nvdec::GetSyncpoint(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlGetSyncpoint params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlGetSyncpoint));
+    LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "called, unknown=0x{:X}", params.unknown);
+    params.value = 0; // Seems to be hard coded at 0
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlGetSyncpoint));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 nvhost_nvdec::GetWaitbase(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlGetWaitbase params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlGetWaitbase));
+    LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "called, unknown=0x{:X}", params.unknown);
+    params.value = 0; // Seems to be hard coded at 0
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlGetWaitbase));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 nvhost_nvdec::MapBuffer(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlMapBuffer params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer));
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called with address={:08X}{:08X}", params.address_2,
+                params.address_1);
+    params.address_1 = 0;
+    params.address_2 = 0;
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 nvhost_nvdec::MapBufferEx(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlMapBufferEx params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlMapBufferEx));
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called with address={:08X}{:08X}", params.address_2,
+                params.address_1);
+    params.address_1 = 0;
+    params.address_2 = 0;
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlMapBufferEx));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 nvhost_nvdec::UnmapBufferEx(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlUnmapBufferEx params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlUnmapBufferEx));
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called");
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlUnmapBufferEx));
+    return 0;
+}
+
 } // namespace Service::Nvidia::Devices

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_nvdec.h

@@ -23,16 +23,66 @@ public:
 private:
     enum class IoctlCommand : u32_le {
         IocSetNVMAPfdCommand = 0x40044801,
+        IocSubmit = 0xC0400001,
+        IocGetSyncpoint = 0xC0080002,
+        IocGetWaitbase = 0xC0080003,
+        IocMapBuffer = 0xC01C0009,
+        IocMapBufferEx = 0xC0A40009,
+        IocUnmapBufferEx = 0xC0A4000A,
     };
 
     struct IoctlSetNvmapFD {
         u32_le nvmap_fd;
     };
-    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlSetNvmapFD) == 4, "IoctlSetNvmapFD is incorrect size");
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlSetNvmapFD) == 0x4, "IoctlSetNvmapFD is incorrect size");
+
+    struct IoctlSubmit {
+        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x40); // TODO(DarkLordZach): RE this structure
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlSubmit) == 0x40, "IoctlSubmit has incorrect size");
+
+    struct IoctlGetSyncpoint {
+        u32 unknown; // seems to be ignored? Nintendo added this
+        u32 value;
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlGetSyncpoint) == 0x08, "IoctlGetSyncpoint has incorrect size");
+
+    struct IoctlGetWaitbase {
+        u32 unknown; // seems to be ignored? Nintendo added this
+        u32 value;
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlGetWaitbase) == 0x08, "IoctlGetWaitbase has incorrect size");
+
+    struct IoctlMapBuffer {
+        u32 unknown;
+        u32 address_1;
+        u32 address_2;
+        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x10); // TODO(DarkLordZach): RE this structure
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer) == 0x1C, "IoctlMapBuffer is incorrect size");
+
+    struct IoctlMapBufferEx {
+        u32 unknown;
+        u32 address_1;
+        u32 address_2;
+        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x98); // TODO(DarkLordZach): RE this structure
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlMapBufferEx) == 0xA4, "IoctlMapBufferEx has incorrect size");
+
+    struct IoctlUnmapBufferEx {
+        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0xA4); // TODO(DarkLordZach): RE this structure
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlUnmapBufferEx) == 0xA4, "IoctlUnmapBufferEx has incorrect size");
 
     u32_le nvmap_fd{};
 
     u32 SetNVMAPfd(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 Submit(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 GetSyncpoint(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 GetWaitbase(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 MapBuffer(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 MapBufferEx(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 UnmapBufferEx(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
 };
 
 } // namespace Service::Nvidia::Devices

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_vic.cpp

@@ -22,6 +22,18 @@ u32 nvhost_vic::ioctl(Ioctl command, const std::vector<u8>& input, const std::ve
     switch (static_cast<IoctlCommand>(command.raw)) {
     case IoctlCommand::IocSetNVMAPfdCommand:
         return SetNVMAPfd(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocSubmit:
+        return Submit(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocGetSyncpoint:
+        return GetSyncpoint(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocGetWaitbase:
+        return GetWaitbase(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocMapBuffer:
+        return MapBuffer(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocMapBufferEx:
+        return MapBuffer(input, output);
+    case IoctlCommand::IocUnmapBufferEx:
+        return UnmapBufferEx(input, output);
     }
 
     UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unimplemented ioctl");
@@ -30,11 +42,67 @@ u32 nvhost_vic::ioctl(Ioctl command, const std::vector<u8>& input, const std::ve
 
 u32 nvhost_vic::SetNVMAPfd(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
     IoctlSetNvmapFD params{};
-    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), input.size());
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlSetNvmapFD));
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "called, fd={}", params.nvmap_fd);
 
     nvmap_fd = params.nvmap_fd;
     return 0;
 }
 
+u32 nvhost_vic::Submit(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlSubmit params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlSubmit));
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called");
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlSubmit));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 nvhost_vic::GetSyncpoint(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlGetSyncpoint params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlGetSyncpoint));
+    LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "called, unknown=0x{:X}", params.unknown);
+    params.value = 0; // Seems to be hard coded at 0
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlGetSyncpoint));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 nvhost_vic::GetWaitbase(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlGetWaitbase params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlGetWaitbase));
+    LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "called, unknown=0x{:X}", params.unknown);
+    params.value = 0; // Seems to be hard coded at 0
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlGetWaitbase));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 nvhost_vic::MapBuffer(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlMapBuffer params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer));
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called with address={:08X}{:08X}", params.address_2,
+                params.address_1);
+    params.address_1 = 0;
+    params.address_2 = 0;
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 nvhost_vic::MapBufferEx(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlMapBufferEx params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlMapBufferEx));
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called with address={:08X}{:08X}", params.address_2,
+                params.address_1);
+    params.address_1 = 0;
+    params.address_2 = 0;
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlMapBufferEx));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 nvhost_vic::UnmapBufferEx(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output) {
+    IoctlUnmapBufferEx params{};
+    std::memcpy(&params, input.data(), sizeof(IoctlUnmapBufferEx));
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "(STUBBED) called");
+    std::memcpy(output.data(), &params, sizeof(IoctlUnmapBufferEx));
+    return 0;
+}
+
 } // namespace Service::Nvidia::Devices

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvhost_vic.h

@@ -23,6 +23,12 @@ public:
 private:
     enum class IoctlCommand : u32_le {
         IocSetNVMAPfdCommand = 0x40044801,
+        IocSubmit = 0xC0400001,
+        IocGetSyncpoint = 0xC0080002,
+        IocGetWaitbase = 0xC0080003,
+        IocMapBuffer = 0xC01C0009,
+        IocMapBufferEx = 0xC03C0009,
+        IocUnmapBufferEx = 0xC03C000A,
     };
 
     struct IoctlSetNvmapFD {
@@ -30,9 +36,53 @@ private:
     };
     static_assert(sizeof(IoctlSetNvmapFD) == 4, "IoctlSetNvmapFD is incorrect size");
 
+    struct IoctlSubmit {
+        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x40); // TODO(DarkLordZach): RE this structure
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlSubmit) == 0x40, "IoctlSubmit is incorrect size");
+
+    struct IoctlGetSyncpoint {
+        u32 unknown; // seems to be ignored? Nintendo added this
+        u32 value;
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlGetSyncpoint) == 0x8, "IoctlGetSyncpoint is incorrect size");
+
+    struct IoctlGetWaitbase {
+        u32 unknown; // seems to be ignored? Nintendo added this
+        u32 value;
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlGetWaitbase) == 0x8, "IoctlGetWaitbase is incorrect size");
+
+    struct IoctlMapBuffer {
+        u32 unknown;
+        u32 address_1;
+        u32 address_2;
+        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x10); // TODO(DarkLordZach): RE this structure
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlMapBuffer) == 0x1C, "IoctlMapBuffer is incorrect size");
+
+    struct IoctlMapBufferEx {
+        u32 unknown;
+        u32 address_1;
+        u32 address_2;
+        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x30); // TODO(DarkLordZach): RE this structure
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlMapBufferEx) == 0x3C, "IoctlMapBufferEx is incorrect size");
+
+    struct IoctlUnmapBufferEx {
+        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x3C); // TODO(DarkLordZach): RE this structure
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(IoctlUnmapBufferEx) == 0x3C, "IoctlUnmapBufferEx is incorrect size");
+
     u32_le nvmap_fd{};
 
     u32 SetNVMAPfd(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 Submit(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 GetSyncpoint(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 GetWaitbase(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 MapBuffer(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 MapBufferEx(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
+    u32 UnmapBufferEx(const std::vector<u8>& input, std::vector<u8>& output);
 };
 
 } // namespace Service::Nvidia::Devices

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.cpp

@@ -40,8 +40,7 @@ Module::Module(Core::System& system) {
     auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
     for (u32 i = 0; i < MaxNvEvents; i++) {
         std::string event_label = fmt::format("NVDRV::NvEvent_{}", i);
-        events_interface.events[i] =
-            Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual, event_label);
+        events_interface.events[i] = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, event_label);
         events_interface.status[i] = EventState::Free;
         events_interface.registered[i] = false;
     }

src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_queue.cpp

@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@ namespace Service::NVFlinger {
 
 BufferQueue::BufferQueue(Kernel::KernelCore& kernel, u32 id, u64 layer_id)
     : id(id), layer_id(layer_id) {
-    buffer_wait_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual,
-                                                               "BufferQueue NativeHandle");
+    buffer_wait_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, "BufferQueue NativeHandle");
 }
 
 BufferQueue::~BufferQueue() = default;

src/core/hle/service/vi/display/vi_display.cpp

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ namespace Service::VI {
 
 Display::Display(u64 id, std::string name, Core::System& system) : id{id}, name{std::move(name)} {
     auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
-    vsync_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual,
-                                                         fmt::format("Display VSync Event {}", id));
+    vsync_event =
+        Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, fmt::format("Display VSync Event {}", id));
 }
 
 Display::~Display() = default;

src/core/settings.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/gdbstub/gdbstub.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/hid/hid.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/lbl/lbl.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/sm/sm.h"
 #include "core/settings.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_base.h"
 
@@ -70,6 +72,7 @@ void Apply() {
     auto& system_instance = Core::System::GetInstance();
     if (system_instance.IsPoweredOn()) {
         system_instance.Renderer().RefreshBaseSettings();
+        Service::LBL::RequestLoadCurrentSetting(system_instance.ServiceManager());
     }
 
     Service::HID::ReloadInputDevices();

src/core/settings.h

@@ -428,6 +428,8 @@ struct Values {
     float bg_green;
     float bg_blue;
 
+    float backlight_brightness = 0.5f;
+
     std::string log_filter;
 
     bool use_dev_keys;

src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ public:
     using BufferInfo = std::pair<const TBufferType*, u64>;
 
     BufferInfo UploadMemory(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, std::size_t size, std::size_t alignment = 4,
-                            bool is_written = false) {
+                            bool is_written = false, bool use_fast_cbuf = false) {
         std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
 
         auto& memory_manager = system.GPU().MemoryManager();
@@ -43,9 +43,13 @@ public:
         // Cache management is a big overhead, so only cache entries with a given size.
         // TODO: Figure out which size is the best for given games.
         constexpr std::size_t max_stream_size = 0x800;
-        if (size < max_stream_size) {
+        if (use_fast_cbuf || size < max_stream_size) {
             if (!is_written && !IsRegionWritten(cache_addr, cache_addr + size - 1)) {
-                return StreamBufferUpload(host_ptr, size, alignment);
+                if (use_fast_cbuf) {
+                    return ConstBufferUpload(host_ptr, size);
+                } else {
+                    return StreamBufferUpload(host_ptr, size, alignment);
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -152,6 +156,10 @@ protected:
     virtual void CopyBlock(const TBuffer& src, const TBuffer& dst, std::size_t src_offset,
                            std::size_t dst_offset, std::size_t size) = 0;
 
+    virtual BufferInfo ConstBufferUpload(const void* raw_pointer, std::size_t size) {
+        return {};
+    }
+
     /// Register an object into the cache
     void Register(const MapInterval& new_map, bool inherit_written = false) {
         const CacheAddr cache_ptr = new_map->GetStart();

src/video_core/engines/fermi_2d.cpp

@@ -28,6 +28,13 @@ void Fermi2D::CallMethod(const GPU::MethodCall& method_call) {
     }
 }
 
+std::pair<u32, u32> DelimitLine(u32 src_1, u32 src_2, u32 dst_1, u32 dst_2, u32 src_line) {
+    const u32 line_a = src_2 - src_1;
+    const u32 line_b = dst_2 - dst_1;
+    const u32 excess = std::max<s32>(0, line_a - src_line + src_1);
+    return {line_b - (excess * line_b) / line_a, excess};
+}
+
 void Fermi2D::HandleSurfaceCopy() {
     LOG_DEBUG(HW_GPU, "Requested a surface copy with operation {}",
               static_cast<u32>(regs.operation));
@@ -47,10 +54,27 @@ void Fermi2D::HandleSurfaceCopy() {
         src_blit_x2 = static_cast<u32>((regs.blit_src_x >> 32) + regs.blit_dst_width);
         src_blit_y2 = static_cast<u32>((regs.blit_src_y >> 32) + regs.blit_dst_height);
     }
+    u32 dst_blit_x2 = regs.blit_dst_x + regs.blit_dst_width;
+    u32 dst_blit_y2 = regs.blit_dst_y + regs.blit_dst_height;
+    const auto [new_dst_w, src_excess_x] =
+        DelimitLine(src_blit_x1, src_blit_x2, regs.blit_dst_x, dst_blit_x2, regs.src.width);
+    const auto [new_dst_h, src_excess_y] =
+        DelimitLine(src_blit_y1, src_blit_y2, regs.blit_dst_y, dst_blit_y2, regs.src.height);
+    dst_blit_x2 = new_dst_w + regs.blit_dst_x;
+    src_blit_x2 = src_blit_x2 - src_excess_x;
+    dst_blit_y2 = new_dst_h + regs.blit_dst_y;
+    src_blit_y2 = src_blit_y2 - src_excess_y;
+    const auto [new_src_w, dst_excess_x] =
+        DelimitLine(regs.blit_dst_x, dst_blit_x2, src_blit_x1, src_blit_x2, regs.dst.width);
+    const auto [new_src_h, dst_excess_y] =
+        DelimitLine(regs.blit_dst_y, dst_blit_y2, src_blit_y1, src_blit_y2, regs.dst.height);
+    src_blit_x2 = new_src_w + src_blit_x1;
+    dst_blit_x2 = dst_blit_x2 - dst_excess_x;
+    src_blit_y2 = new_src_h + src_blit_y1;
+    dst_blit_y2 = dst_blit_y2 - dst_excess_y;
     const Common::Rectangle<u32> src_rect{src_blit_x1, src_blit_y1, src_blit_x2, src_blit_y2};
-    const Common::Rectangle<u32> dst_rect{regs.blit_dst_x, regs.blit_dst_y,
-                                          regs.blit_dst_x + regs.blit_dst_width,
-                                          regs.blit_dst_y + regs.blit_dst_height};
+    const Common::Rectangle<u32> dst_rect{regs.blit_dst_x, regs.blit_dst_y, dst_blit_x2,
+                                          dst_blit_y2};
     Config copy_config;
     copy_config.operation = regs.operation;
     copy_config.filter = regs.blit_control.filter;

src/video_core/renderer_base.cpp

@@ -40,4 +40,35 @@ void RendererBase::RequestScreenshot(void* data, std::function<void()> callback,
     renderer_settings.screenshot_requested = true;
 }
 
+f32 RendererBase::GetCurrentResultantBrightness() const {
+    return renderer_settings.current_brightness / 2.0f;
+}
+
+void RendererBase::SetBacklightStatus(bool enabled, u64 fade_transition_time) {
+    if (fade_transition_time == 0) {
+        // Needed to ensure the renderer recognizes that a change must occur.
+        fade_transition_time = 1;
+    }
+
+    if (enabled && renderer_settings.current_brightness == 0) {
+        renderer_settings.current_brightness = current_brightness_backup;
+        renderer_settings.backlight_fade_time = fade_transition_time;
+    } else if (!enabled && renderer_settings.current_brightness != 0) {
+        current_brightness_backup = renderer_settings.current_brightness;
+        renderer_settings.current_brightness = 0;
+        renderer_settings.backlight_fade_time = fade_transition_time;
+    }
+}
+
+bool RendererBase::GetBacklightStatus() const {
+    return renderer_settings.current_brightness != 0;
+}
+
+void RendererBase::SetCurrentBrightness(f32 value) {
+    if (value != renderer_settings.current_brightness) {
+        renderer_settings.current_brightness = value * 2.0f;
+        renderer_settings.backlight_fade_time = 1;
+    }
+}
+
 } // namespace VideoCore

src/video_core/renderer_base.h

@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ struct RendererSettings {
     void* screenshot_bits;
     std::function<void()> screenshot_complete_callback;
     Layout::FramebufferLayout screenshot_framebuffer_layout;
+
+    // Backlight & Brightness
+    std::atomic<f32> current_brightness{1.f};
+    std::atomic<u64> backlight_fade_time{0};
 };
 
 class RendererBase : NonCopyable {
@@ -86,6 +90,17 @@ public:
     void RequestScreenshot(void* data, std::function<void()> callback,
                            const Layout::FramebufferLayout& layout);
 
+    // Gets the current brightness, even if it has been changed from the set value. Most of the time
+    // for yuzu this will simply match what was returned, but implementations are free to change the
+    // value in settings.
+    f32 GetCurrentResultantBrightness() const;
+
+    void SetBacklightStatus(bool enabled, u64 fade_transition_time);
+
+    bool GetBacklightStatus() const;
+
+    void SetCurrentBrightness(f32 value);
+
 protected:
     Core::Frontend::EmuWindow& render_window; ///< Reference to the render window handle.
     std::unique_ptr<RasterizerInterface> rasterizer;
@@ -97,6 +112,9 @@ protected:
 private:
     /// Updates the framebuffer layout of the contained render window handle.
     void UpdateCurrentFramebufferLayout();
+
+    // Value of brightness before backlight switch used to preserve value.
+    f32 current_brightness_backup;
 };
 
 } // namespace VideoCore

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.cpp

@@ -8,13 +8,17 @@
 
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/microprofile.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
 #include "video_core/rasterizer_interface.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h"
 
 namespace OpenGL {
 
+using Maxwell = Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs;
+
 MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_Buffer_Download, "OpenGL", "Buffer Download", MP_RGB(192, 192, 128));
 
 CachedBufferBlock::CachedBufferBlock(CacheAddr cache_addr, const std::size_t size)
@@ -26,11 +30,22 @@ CachedBufferBlock::CachedBufferBlock(CacheAddr cache_addr, const std::size_t siz
 CachedBufferBlock::~CachedBufferBlock() = default;
 
 OGLBufferCache::OGLBufferCache(RasterizerOpenGL& rasterizer, Core::System& system,
-                               std::size_t stream_size)
-    : VideoCommon::BufferCache<Buffer, GLuint, OGLStreamBuffer>{
-          rasterizer, system, std::make_unique<OGLStreamBuffer>(stream_size, true)} {}
+                               const Device& device, std::size_t stream_size)
+    : GenericBufferCache{rasterizer, system, std::make_unique<OGLStreamBuffer>(stream_size, true)} {
+    if (!device.HasFastBufferSubData()) {
+        return;
+    }
 
-OGLBufferCache::~OGLBufferCache() = default;
+    static constexpr auto size = static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(Maxwell::MaxConstBufferSize);
+    glCreateBuffers(static_cast<GLsizei>(std::size(cbufs)), std::data(cbufs));
+    for (const GLuint cbuf : cbufs) {
+        glNamedBufferData(cbuf, size, nullptr, GL_STREAM_DRAW);
+    }
+}
+
+OGLBufferCache::~OGLBufferCache() {
+    glDeleteBuffers(static_cast<GLsizei>(std::size(cbufs)), std::data(cbufs));
+}
 
 Buffer OGLBufferCache::CreateBlock(CacheAddr cache_addr, std::size_t size) {
     return std::make_shared<CachedBufferBlock>(cache_addr, size);
@@ -69,4 +84,12 @@ void OGLBufferCache::CopyBlock(const Buffer& src, const Buffer& dst, std::size_t
                              static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(size));
 }
 
+OGLBufferCache::BufferInfo OGLBufferCache::ConstBufferUpload(const void* raw_pointer,
+                                                             std::size_t size) {
+    DEBUG_ASSERT(cbuf_cursor < std::size(cbufs));
+    const GLuint& cbuf = cbufs[cbuf_cursor++];
+    glNamedBufferSubData(cbuf, 0, static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(size), raw_pointer);
+    return {&cbuf, 0};
+}
+
 } // namespace OpenGL

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h

@@ -4,10 +4,12 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <array>
 #include <memory>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
 #include "video_core/rasterizer_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_stream_buffer.h"
@@ -18,12 +20,14 @@ class System;
 
 namespace OpenGL {
 
+class Device;
 class OGLStreamBuffer;
 class RasterizerOpenGL;
 
 class CachedBufferBlock;
 
 using Buffer = std::shared_ptr<CachedBufferBlock>;
+using GenericBufferCache = VideoCommon::BufferCache<Buffer, GLuint, OGLStreamBuffer>;
 
 class CachedBufferBlock : public VideoCommon::BufferBlock {
 public:
@@ -38,14 +42,18 @@ private:
     OGLBuffer gl_buffer{};
 };
 
-class OGLBufferCache final : public VideoCommon::BufferCache<Buffer, GLuint, OGLStreamBuffer> {
+class OGLBufferCache final : public GenericBufferCache {
 public:
     explicit OGLBufferCache(RasterizerOpenGL& rasterizer, Core::System& system,
-                            std::size_t stream_size);
+                            const Device& device, std::size_t stream_size);
     ~OGLBufferCache();
 
     const GLuint* GetEmptyBuffer(std::size_t) override;
 
+    void Acquire() noexcept {
+        cbuf_cursor = 0;
+    }
+
 protected:
     Buffer CreateBlock(CacheAddr cache_addr, std::size_t size) override;
 
@@ -61,6 +69,14 @@ protected:
 
     void CopyBlock(const Buffer& src, const Buffer& dst, std::size_t src_offset,
                    std::size_t dst_offset, std::size_t size) override;
+
+    BufferInfo ConstBufferUpload(const void* raw_pointer, std::size_t size) override;
+
+private:
+    std::size_t cbuf_cursor = 0;
+    std::array<GLuint, Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::MaxConstBuffers *
+                           Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::MaxShaderProgram>
+        cbufs;
 };
 
 } // namespace OpenGL

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.cpp

@@ -51,8 +51,11 @@ bool HasExtension(const std::vector<std::string_view>& images, std::string_view
 } // Anonymous namespace
 
 Device::Device() {
+    const std::string_view vendor = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(glGetString(GL_VENDOR));
     const std::vector extensions = GetExtensions();
 
+    const bool is_nvidia = vendor == "NVIDIA Corporation";
+
     uniform_buffer_alignment = GetInteger<std::size_t>(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER_OFFSET_ALIGNMENT);
     shader_storage_alignment = GetInteger<std::size_t>(GL_SHADER_STORAGE_BUFFER_OFFSET_ALIGNMENT);
     max_vertex_attributes = GetInteger<u32>(GL_MAX_VERTEX_ATTRIBS);
@@ -64,6 +67,7 @@ Device::Device() {
     has_variable_aoffi = TestVariableAoffi();
     has_component_indexing_bug = TestComponentIndexingBug();
     has_precise_bug = TestPreciseBug();
+    has_fast_buffer_sub_data = is_nvidia;
 
     LOG_INFO(Render_OpenGL, "Renderer_VariableAOFFI: {}", has_variable_aoffi);
     LOG_INFO(Render_OpenGL, "Renderer_ComponentIndexingBug: {}", has_component_indexing_bug);

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.h

@@ -54,6 +54,10 @@ public:
         return has_precise_bug;
     }
 
+    bool HasFastBufferSubData() const {
+        return has_fast_buffer_sub_data;
+    }
+
 private:
     static bool TestVariableAoffi();
     static bool TestComponentIndexingBug();
@@ -69,6 +73,7 @@ private:
     bool has_variable_aoffi{};
     bool has_component_indexing_bug{};
     bool has_precise_bug{};
+    bool has_fast_buffer_sub_data{};
 };
 
 } // namespace OpenGL

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ static std::size_t GetConstBufferSize(const Tegra::Engines::ConstBufferInfo& buf
 RasterizerOpenGL::RasterizerOpenGL(Core::System& system, Core::Frontend::EmuWindow& emu_window,
                                    ScreenInfo& info)
     : texture_cache{system, *this, device}, shader_cache{*this, system, emu_window, device},
-      system{system}, screen_info{info}, buffer_cache{*this, system, STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE} {
+      system{system}, screen_info{info}, buffer_cache{*this, system, device, STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE} {
     shader_program_manager = std::make_unique<GLShader::ProgramManager>();
     state.draw.shader_program = 0;
     state.Apply();
@@ -257,10 +257,8 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode) {
             continue;
         }
 
-        const std::size_t stage{index == 0 ? 0 : index - 1}; // Stage indices are 0 - 5
-
         GLShader::MaxwellUniformData ubo{};
-        ubo.SetFromRegs(gpu, stage);
+        ubo.SetFromRegs(gpu);
         const auto [buffer, offset] =
             buffer_cache.UploadHostMemory(&ubo, sizeof(ubo), device.GetUniformBufferAlignment());
 
@@ -269,10 +267,11 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode) {
 
         Shader shader{shader_cache.GetStageProgram(program)};
 
-        const auto stage_enum = static_cast<Maxwell::ShaderStage>(stage);
-        SetupDrawConstBuffers(stage_enum, shader);
-        SetupDrawGlobalMemory(stage_enum, shader);
-        const auto texture_buffer_usage{SetupDrawTextures(stage_enum, shader, base_bindings)};
+        // Stage indices are 0 - 5
+        const auto stage = static_cast<Maxwell::ShaderStage>(index == 0 ? 0 : index - 1);
+        SetupDrawConstBuffers(stage, shader);
+        SetupDrawGlobalMemory(stage, shader);
+        const auto texture_buffer_usage{SetupDrawTextures(stage, shader, base_bindings)};
 
         const ProgramVariant variant{base_bindings, primitive_mode, texture_buffer_usage};
         const auto [program_handle, next_bindings] = shader->GetProgramHandle(variant);
@@ -558,6 +557,8 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::DrawPrelude() {
     SyncPolygonOffset();
     SyncAlphaTest();
 
+    buffer_cache.Acquire();
+
     // Draw the vertex batch
     const bool is_indexed = accelerate_draw == AccelDraw::Indexed;
 
@@ -879,7 +880,8 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupConstBuffer(const Tegra::Engines::ConstBufferInfo& b
     const std::size_t size = Common::AlignUp(GetConstBufferSize(buffer, entry), sizeof(GLvec4));
 
     const auto alignment = device.GetUniformBufferAlignment();
-    const auto [cbuf, offset] = buffer_cache.UploadMemory(buffer.address, size, alignment);
+    const auto [cbuf, offset] = buffer_cache.UploadMemory(buffer.address, size, alignment, false,
+                                                          device.HasFastBufferSubData());
     bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Push(cbuf, offset, size);
 }
 
@@ -1057,6 +1059,15 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncViewport(OpenGLState& current_state) {
     }
     state.depth_clamp.far_plane = regs.view_volume_clip_control.depth_clamp_far != 0;
     state.depth_clamp.near_plane = regs.view_volume_clip_control.depth_clamp_near != 0;
+
+    bool flip_y = false;
+    if (regs.viewport_transform[0].scale_y < 0.0) {
+        flip_y = !flip_y;
+    }
+    if (regs.screen_y_control.y_negate != 0) {
+        flip_y = !flip_y;
+    }
+    state.clip_control.origin = flip_y ? GL_UPPER_LEFT : GL_LOWER_LEFT;
 }
 
 void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncClipEnabled(
@@ -1079,26 +1090,24 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncClipCoef() {
 }
 
 void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncCullMode() {
-    auto& maxwell3d = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
-
-    const auto& regs = maxwell3d.regs;
+    const auto& regs = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs;
 
     state.cull.enabled = regs.cull.enabled != 0;
     if (state.cull.enabled) {
-        state.cull.front_face = MaxwellToGL::FrontFace(regs.cull.front_face);
         state.cull.mode = MaxwellToGL::CullFace(regs.cull.cull_face);
+    }
 
-        const bool flip_triangles{regs.screen_y_control.triangle_rast_flip == 0 ||
-                                  regs.viewport_transform[0].scale_y < 0.0f};
+    state.cull.front_face = MaxwellToGL::FrontFace(regs.cull.front_face);
 
-        // If the GPU is configured to flip the rasterized triangles, then we need to flip the
-        // notion of front and back. Note: We flip the triangles when the value of the register is 0
-        // because OpenGL already does it for us.
-        if (flip_triangles) {
-            if (state.cull.front_face == GL_CCW)
-                state.cull.front_face = GL_CW;
-            else if (state.cull.front_face == GL_CW)
-                state.cull.front_face = GL_CCW;
+    // If the GPU is configured to flip the rasterized triangles, then we need to flip the
+    // notion of front and back.
+    const bool flip_triangles{regs.screen_y_control.triangle_rast_flip != 0 &&
+                              regs.viewport_transform[0].scale_y > 0.0f};
+    if (flip_triangles) {
+        if (state.cull.front_face == GL_CCW) {
+            state.cull.front_face = GL_CW;
+        } else if (state.cull.front_face == GL_CW) {
+            state.cull.front_face = GL_CCW;
         }
     }
 }

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_decompiler.cpp

@@ -1872,10 +1872,6 @@ private:
     Expression EmitVertex(Operation operation) {
         ASSERT_MSG(stage == ProgramType::Geometry,
                    "EmitVertex is expected to be used in a geometry shader.");
-
-        // If a geometry shader is attached, it will always flip (it's the last stage before
-        // fragment). For more info about flipping, refer to gl_shader_gen.cpp.
-        code.AddLine("gl_Position.xy *= viewport_flip.xy;");
         code.AddLine("EmitVertex();");
         return {};
     }
@@ -1883,14 +1879,12 @@ private:
     Expression EndPrimitive(Operation operation) {
         ASSERT_MSG(stage == ProgramType::Geometry,
                    "EndPrimitive is expected to be used in a geometry shader.");
-
         code.AddLine("EndPrimitive();");
         return {};
     }
 
     Expression YNegate(Operation operation) {
-        // Config pack's third value is Y_NEGATE's state.
-        return {"config_pack[2]", Type::Uint};
+        return {"y_negate", Type::Float};
     }
 
     template <u32 element>

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_gen.cpp

@@ -20,8 +20,7 @@ std::string GenerateVertexShader(const Device& device, const ShaderIR& ir, const
     std::string out = GetCommonDeclarations();
     out += R"(
 layout (std140, binding = EMULATION_UBO_BINDING) uniform vs_config {
-    vec4 viewport_flip;
-    uvec4 config_pack; // instance_id, flip_stage, y_direction, padding
+    float y_direction;
 };
 
 )";
@@ -35,23 +34,10 @@ layout (std140, binding = EMULATION_UBO_BINDING) uniform vs_config {
 void main() {
     execute_vertex();
 )";
-
     if (ir_b) {
         out += "    execute_vertex_b();";
     }
-
-    out += R"(
-
-    // Set Position Y direction
-    gl_Position.y *= utof(config_pack[2]);
-    // Check if the flip stage is VertexB
-    // Config pack's second value is flip_stage
-    if (config_pack[1] == 1) {
-        // Viewport can be flipped, which is unsupported by glViewport
-        gl_Position.xy *= viewport_flip.xy;
-    }
-}
-)";
+    out += "}\n";
     return out;
 }
 
@@ -59,8 +45,7 @@ std::string GenerateGeometryShader(const Device& device, const ShaderIR& ir) {
     std::string out = GetCommonDeclarations();
     out += R"(
 layout (std140, binding = EMULATION_UBO_BINDING) uniform gs_config {
-    vec4 viewport_flip;
-    uvec4 config_pack; // instance_id, flip_stage, y_direction, padding
+    float y_direction;
 };
 
 )";
@@ -87,8 +72,7 @@ layout (location = 6) out vec4 FragColor6;
 layout (location = 7) out vec4 FragColor7;
 
 layout (std140, binding = EMULATION_UBO_BINDING) uniform fs_config {
-    vec4 viewport_flip;
-    uvec4 config_pack; // instance_id, flip_stage, y_direction, padding
+    float y_direction;
 };
 
 )";

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_manager.cpp

@@ -40,27 +40,11 @@ void ProgramManager::UpdatePipeline() {
     old_state = current_state;
 }
 
-void MaxwellUniformData::SetFromRegs(const Maxwell3D& maxwell, std::size_t shader_stage) {
+void MaxwellUniformData::SetFromRegs(const Maxwell3D& maxwell) {
     const auto& regs = maxwell.regs;
-    const auto& state = maxwell.state;
-
-    // TODO(bunnei): Support more than one viewport
-    viewport_flip[0] = regs.viewport_transform[0].scale_x < 0.0 ? -1.0f : 1.0f;
-    viewport_flip[1] = regs.viewport_transform[0].scale_y < 0.0 ? -1.0f : 1.0f;
-
-    instance_id = state.current_instance;
-
-    // Assign in which stage the position has to be flipped
-    // (the last stage before the fragment shader).
-    constexpr u32 geometry_index = static_cast<u32>(Maxwell3D::Regs::ShaderProgram::Geometry);
-    if (maxwell.regs.shader_config[geometry_index].enable) {
-        flip_stage = geometry_index;
-    } else {
-        flip_stage = static_cast<u32>(Maxwell3D::Regs::ShaderProgram::VertexB);
-    }
 
     // Y_NEGATE controls what value S2R returns for the Y_DIRECTION system value.
-    y_direction = regs.screen_y_control.y_negate == 0 ? 1.f : -1.f;
+    y_direction = regs.screen_y_control.y_negate == 0 ? 1.0f : -1.0f;
 }
 
 } // namespace OpenGL::GLShader

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_manager.h

@@ -18,17 +18,12 @@ namespace OpenGL::GLShader {
 /// @note Always keep a vec4 at the end. The GL spec is not clear whether the alignment at
 ///       the end of a uniform block is included in UNIFORM_BLOCK_DATA_SIZE or not.
 ///       Not following that rule will cause problems on some AMD drivers.
-struct MaxwellUniformData {
-    void SetFromRegs(const Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D& maxwell, std::size_t shader_stage);
+struct alignas(16) MaxwellUniformData {
+    void SetFromRegs(const Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D& maxwell);
 
-    alignas(16) GLvec4 viewport_flip;
-    struct alignas(16) {
-        GLuint instance_id;
-        GLuint flip_stage;
-        GLfloat y_direction;
-    };
+    GLfloat y_direction;
 };
-static_assert(sizeof(MaxwellUniformData) == 32, "MaxwellUniformData structure size is incorrect");
+static_assert(sizeof(MaxwellUniformData) == 16, "MaxwellUniformData structure size is incorrect");
 static_assert(sizeof(MaxwellUniformData) < 16384,
               "MaxwellUniformData structure must be less than 16kb as per the OpenGL spec");
 

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_state.cpp

@@ -410,6 +410,12 @@ void OpenGLState::ApplyAlphaTest() {
     }
 }
 
+void OpenGLState::ApplyClipControl() {
+    if (UpdateValue(cur_state.clip_control.origin, clip_control.origin)) {
+        glClipControl(clip_control.origin, GL_NEGATIVE_ONE_TO_ONE);
+    }
+}
+
 void OpenGLState::ApplyTextures() {
     if (const auto update = UpdateArray(cur_state.textures, textures)) {
         glBindTextures(update->first, update->second, textures.data() + update->first);
@@ -453,6 +459,7 @@ void OpenGLState::Apply() {
     ApplyImages();
     ApplyPolygonOffset();
     ApplyAlphaTest();
+    ApplyClipControl();
 }
 
 void OpenGLState::EmulateViewportWithScissor() {

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_state.h

@@ -146,6 +146,10 @@ public:
 
     std::array<bool, 8> clip_distance = {}; // GL_CLIP_DISTANCE
 
+    struct {
+        GLenum origin = GL_LOWER_LEFT;
+    } clip_control;
+
     OpenGLState();
 
     /// Get the currently active OpenGL state
@@ -182,6 +186,7 @@ public:
     void ApplyDepthClamp();
     void ApplyPolygonOffset();
     void ApplyAlphaTest();
+    void ApplyClipControl();
 
     /// Resets any references to the given resource
     OpenGLState& UnbindTexture(GLuint handle);

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/renderer_opengl.cpp

@@ -54,11 +54,13 @@ in vec2 frag_tex_coord;
 out vec4 color;
 
 uniform sampler2D color_texture;
+uniform vec4 backlight;
 
 void main() {
     // Swap RGBA -> ABGR so we don't have to do this on the CPU. This needs to change if we have to
     // support more framebuffer pixel formats.
-    color = texture(color_texture, frag_tex_coord);
+    // Also multiply the color by the backlight multiplier supplied.
+    color = texture(color_texture, frag_tex_coord) * backlight;
 }
 )";
 
@@ -121,8 +123,13 @@ void RendererOpenGL::SwapBuffers(const Tegra::FramebufferConfig* framebuffer) {
         // Load the framebuffer from memory, draw it to the screen, and swap buffers
         LoadFBToScreenInfo(*framebuffer);
 
-        if (renderer_settings.screenshot_requested)
+        if (renderer_settings.screenshot_requested) {
             CaptureScreenshot();
+        }
+
+        if (renderer_settings.backlight_fade_time > 0) {
+            UpdateBacklight();
+        }
 
         DrawScreen(render_window.GetFramebufferLayout());
 
@@ -205,9 +212,13 @@ void RendererOpenGL::InitOpenGLObjects() {
     state.Apply();
     uniform_modelview_matrix = glGetUniformLocation(shader.handle, "modelview_matrix");
     uniform_color_texture = glGetUniformLocation(shader.handle, "color_texture");
+    uniform_backlight = glGetUniformLocation(shader.handle, "backlight");
     attrib_position = glGetAttribLocation(shader.handle, "vert_position");
     attrib_tex_coord = glGetAttribLocation(shader.handle, "vert_tex_coord");
 
+    // Initialize backlight
+    glUniform4f(uniform_backlight, 1.f, 1.f, 1.f, 1.f);
+
     // Generate VBO handle for drawing
     vertex_buffer.Create();
 
@@ -416,6 +427,29 @@ void RendererOpenGL::CaptureScreenshot() {
     renderer_settings.screenshot_requested = false;
 }
 
+void RendererOpenGL::UpdateBacklight() {
+    constexpr u64 PER_FRAME_FADE_TIME = 1000000000.0f / 60;
+
+    const auto fade_time = renderer_settings.backlight_fade_time.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    auto value = renderer_settings.current_brightness.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    if (fade_time <= PER_FRAME_FADE_TIME) {
+        glUniform4f(uniform_backlight, value, value, value, value);
+        renderer_settings.backlight_fade_time = 0;
+        fade_time_max = 0;
+    } else {
+        if (fade_time_max == 0) {
+            fade_time_max = fade_time;
+            value_max = value;
+        }
+
+        value += (value_max - value) * PER_FRAME_FADE_TIME / fade_time_max;
+
+        glUniform4f(uniform_backlight, value, value, value, value);
+        renderer_settings.backlight_fade_time -= PER_FRAME_FADE_TIME;
+        renderer_settings.current_brightness = value;
+    }
+}
+
 static const char* GetSource(GLenum source) {
 #define RET(s)                                                                                     \
     case GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_##s:                                                                      \

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/renderer_opengl.h

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ private:
     void UpdateFramerate();
 
     void CaptureScreenshot();
+    void UpdateBacklight();
 
     // Loads framebuffer from emulated memory into the display information structure
     void LoadFBToScreenInfo(const Tegra::FramebufferConfig& framebuffer);
@@ -97,6 +98,7 @@ private:
     // Shader uniform location indices
     GLuint uniform_modelview_matrix;
     GLuint uniform_color_texture;
+    GLuint uniform_backlight;
 
     // Shader attribute input indices
     GLuint attrib_position;
@@ -105,6 +107,10 @@ private:
     /// Used for transforming the framebuffer orientation
     Tegra::FramebufferConfig::TransformFlags framebuffer_transform_flags;
     Common::Rectangle<int> framebuffer_crop_rect;
+
+    // Used for backlight transitions
+    u64 fade_time_max = 0;
+    f32 value_max = 0;
 };
 
 } // namespace OpenGL

src/video_core/texture_cache/surface_params.cpp

@@ -250,6 +250,16 @@ SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForFermiCopySurface(
     return params;
 }
 
+VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget SurfaceParams::ExpectedTarget(
+    const VideoCommon::Shader::Sampler& entry) {
+    return TextureTypeToSurfaceTarget(entry.GetType(), entry.IsArray());
+}
+
+VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget SurfaceParams::ExpectedTarget(
+    const VideoCommon::Shader::Image& entry) {
+    return ImageTypeToSurfaceTarget(entry.GetType());
+}
+
 bool SurfaceParams::IsLayered() const {
     switch (target) {
     case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:

src/video_core/texture_cache/surface_params.h

@@ -41,6 +41,14 @@ public:
     static SurfaceParams CreateForFermiCopySurface(
         const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config);
 
+    /// Obtains the texture target from a shader's sampler entry.
+    static VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget ExpectedTarget(
+        const VideoCommon::Shader::Sampler& entry);
+
+    /// Obtains the texture target from a shader's sampler entry.
+    static VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget ExpectedTarget(
+        const VideoCommon::Shader::Image& entry);
+
     std::size_t Hash() const {
         return static_cast<std::size_t>(
             Common::CityHash64(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this), sizeof(*this)));

src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h

@@ -94,10 +94,16 @@ public:
         std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
         const auto gpu_addr{tic.Address()};
         if (!gpu_addr) {
-            return {};
+            return GetNullSurface(SurfaceParams::ExpectedTarget(entry));
+        }
+
+        const auto host_ptr{system.GPU().MemoryManager().GetPointer(gpu_addr)};
+        const auto cache_addr{ToCacheAddr(host_ptr)};
+        if (!cache_addr) {
+            return GetNullSurface(SurfaceParams::ExpectedTarget(entry));
         }
         const auto params{SurfaceParams::CreateForTexture(tic, entry)};
-        const auto [surface, view] = GetSurface(gpu_addr, params, true, false);
+        const auto [surface, view] = GetSurface(gpu_addr, cache_addr, params, true, false);
         if (guard_samplers) {
             sampled_textures.push_back(surface);
         }
@@ -109,10 +115,15 @@ public:
         std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
         const auto gpu_addr{tic.Address()};
         if (!gpu_addr) {
-            return {};
+            return GetNullSurface(SurfaceParams::ExpectedTarget(entry));
+        }
+        const auto host_ptr{system.GPU().MemoryManager().GetPointer(gpu_addr)};
+        const auto cache_addr{ToCacheAddr(host_ptr)};
+        if (!cache_addr) {
+            return GetNullSurface(SurfaceParams::ExpectedTarget(entry));
         }
         const auto params{SurfaceParams::CreateForImage(tic, entry)};
-        const auto [surface, view] = GetSurface(gpu_addr, params, true, false);
+        const auto [surface, view] = GetSurface(gpu_addr, cache_addr, params, true, false);
         if (guard_samplers) {
             sampled_textures.push_back(surface);
         }
@@ -142,11 +153,17 @@ public:
             SetEmptyDepthBuffer();
             return {};
         }
+        const auto host_ptr{system.GPU().MemoryManager().GetPointer(gpu_addr)};
+        const auto cache_addr{ToCacheAddr(host_ptr)};
+        if (!cache_addr) {
+            SetEmptyDepthBuffer();
+            return {};
+        }
         const auto depth_params{SurfaceParams::CreateForDepthBuffer(
             system, regs.zeta_width, regs.zeta_height, regs.zeta.format,
             regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_width, regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_height,
             regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_depth, regs.zeta.memory_layout.type)};
-        auto surface_view = GetSurface(gpu_addr, depth_params, preserve_contents, true);
+        auto surface_view = GetSurface(gpu_addr, cache_addr, depth_params, preserve_contents, true);
         if (depth_buffer.target)
             depth_buffer.target->MarkAsRenderTarget(false, NO_RT);
         depth_buffer.target = surface_view.first;
@@ -179,8 +196,16 @@ public:
             return {};
         }
 
-        auto surface_view = GetSurface(gpu_addr, SurfaceParams::CreateForFramebuffer(system, index),
-                                       preserve_contents, true);
+        const auto host_ptr{system.GPU().MemoryManager().GetPointer(gpu_addr)};
+        const auto cache_addr{ToCacheAddr(host_ptr)};
+        if (!cache_addr) {
+            SetEmptyColorBuffer(index);
+            return {};
+        }
+
+        auto surface_view =
+            GetSurface(gpu_addr, cache_addr, SurfaceParams::CreateForFramebuffer(system, index),
+                       preserve_contents, true);
         if (render_targets[index].target)
             render_targets[index].target->MarkAsRenderTarget(false, NO_RT);
         render_targets[index].target = surface_view.first;
@@ -229,8 +254,14 @@ public:
         const GPUVAddr src_gpu_addr = src_config.Address();
         const GPUVAddr dst_gpu_addr = dst_config.Address();
         DeduceBestBlit(src_params, dst_params, src_gpu_addr, dst_gpu_addr);
-        std::pair<TSurface, TView> dst_surface = GetSurface(dst_gpu_addr, dst_params, true, false);
-        std::pair<TSurface, TView> src_surface = GetSurface(src_gpu_addr, src_params, true, false);
+        const auto dst_host_ptr{system.GPU().MemoryManager().GetPointer(dst_gpu_addr)};
+        const auto dst_cache_addr{ToCacheAddr(dst_host_ptr)};
+        const auto src_host_ptr{system.GPU().MemoryManager().GetPointer(src_gpu_addr)};
+        const auto src_cache_addr{ToCacheAddr(src_host_ptr)};
+        std::pair<TSurface, TView> dst_surface =
+            GetSurface(dst_gpu_addr, dst_cache_addr, dst_params, true, false);
+        std::pair<TSurface, TView> src_surface =
+            GetSurface(src_gpu_addr, src_cache_addr, src_params, true, false);
         ImageBlit(src_surface.second, dst_surface.second, copy_config);
         dst_surface.first->MarkAsModified(true, Tick());
     }
@@ -346,13 +377,6 @@ protected:
         return new_surface;
     }
 
-    std::pair<TSurface, TView> GetFermiSurface(
-        const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config) {
-        SurfaceParams params = SurfaceParams::CreateForFermiCopySurface(config);
-        const GPUVAddr gpu_addr = config.Address();
-        return GetSurface(gpu_addr, params, true, false);
-    }
-
     Core::System& system;
 
 private:
@@ -615,22 +639,9 @@ private:
      *                          left blank.
      * @param is_render         Whether or not the surface is a render target.
      **/
-    std::pair<TSurface, TView> GetSurface(const GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params,
-                                          bool preserve_contents, bool is_render) {
-        const auto host_ptr{system.GPU().MemoryManager().GetPointer(gpu_addr)};
-        const auto cache_addr{ToCacheAddr(host_ptr)};
-
-        // Step 0: guarantee a valid surface
-        if (!cache_addr) {
-            // Return a null surface if it's invalid
-            SurfaceParams new_params = params;
-            new_params.width = 1;
-            new_params.height = 1;
-            new_params.depth = 1;
-            new_params.block_height = 0;
-            new_params.block_depth = 0;
-            return InitializeSurface(gpu_addr, new_params, false);
-        }
+    std::pair<TSurface, TView> GetSurface(const GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const CacheAddr cache_addr,
+                                          const SurfaceParams& params, bool preserve_contents,
+                                          bool is_render) {
 
         // Step 1
         // Check Level 1 Cache for a fast structural match. If candidate surface
@@ -794,6 +805,42 @@ private:
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets a null surface based on a target texture.
+     * @param target The target of the null surface.
+     **/
+    TView GetNullSurface(SurfaceTarget target) {
+        const u32 i_target = static_cast<u32>(target);
+        if (const auto it = invalid_cache.find(i_target); it != invalid_cache.end()) {
+            return it->second->GetMainView();
+        }
+        SurfaceParams params{};
+        params.target = target;
+        params.is_tiled = false;
+        params.srgb_conversion = false;
+        params.is_layered = false;
+        params.block_width = 0;
+        params.block_height = 0;
+        params.block_depth = 0;
+        params.tile_width_spacing = 1;
+        params.width = 1;
+        params.height = 1;
+        params.depth = 1;
+        params.pitch = 4;
+        params.num_levels = 1;
+        params.emulated_levels = 1;
+        params.pixel_format = VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat::RGBA16F;
+        params.component_type = VideoCore::Surface::ComponentType::Float;
+        params.type = VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType::ColorTexture;
+        auto surface = CreateSurface(0ULL, params);
+        invalid_memory.clear();
+        invalid_memory.resize(surface->GetHostSizeInBytes(), 0U);
+        surface->UploadTexture(invalid_memory);
+        surface->MarkAsModified(false, Tick());
+        invalid_cache.emplace(i_target, surface);
+        return surface->GetMainView();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Gets the a source and destination starting address and parameters,
      * and tries to deduce if they are supposed to be depth textures. If so, their
@@ -991,6 +1038,11 @@ private:
 
     std::vector<TSurface> sampled_textures;
 
+    /// This cache stores null surfaces in order to be used as a placeholder
+    /// for invalid texture calls.
+    std::unordered_map<u32, TSurface> invalid_cache;
+    std::vector<u8> invalid_memory{};
+
     StagingCache staging_cache;
     std::recursive_mutex mutex;
 };

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.cpp

@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ ConfigureGraphics::ConfigureGraphics(QWidget* parent)
         }
         UpdateBackgroundColorButton(new_bg_color);
     });
+    connect(ui->brightness_reset, &QPushButton::pressed, this,
+            [this] { ui->brightness_slider->setValue(100); });
 }
 
 ConfigureGraphics::~ConfigureGraphics() = default;
@@ -80,6 +82,7 @@ void ConfigureGraphics::SetConfiguration() {
     ui->force_30fps_mode->setChecked(Settings::values.force_30fps_mode);
     UpdateBackgroundColorButton(QColor::fromRgbF(Settings::values.bg_red, Settings::values.bg_green,
                                                  Settings::values.bg_blue));
+    ui->brightness_slider->setValue(Settings::values.backlight_brightness * 100 + 50);
 }
 
 void ConfigureGraphics::ApplyConfiguration() {
@@ -93,6 +96,7 @@ void ConfigureGraphics::ApplyConfiguration() {
     Settings::values.bg_red = static_cast<float>(bg_color.redF());
     Settings::values.bg_green = static_cast<float>(bg_color.greenF());
     Settings::values.bg_blue = static_cast<float>(bg_color.blueF());
+    Settings::values.backlight_brightness = (ui->brightness_slider->value() - 50.0f) / 100.0f;
 }
 
 void ConfigureGraphics::changeEvent(QEvent* event) {

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.ui

@@ -111,6 +111,68 @@
           </item>
          </layout>
         </item>
+        <item>
+         <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_3">
+          <item>
+           <widget class="QLabel" name="label_2">
+            <property name="text">
+             <string>Brightness</string>
+            </property>
+           </widget>
+          </item>
+          <item>
+           <spacer name="horizontalSpacer">
+            <property name="orientation">
+             <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
+            </property>
+            <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
+             <size>
+              <width>40</width>
+              <height>20</height>
+             </size>
+            </property>
+           </spacer>
+          </item>
+          <item>
+           <widget class="QSlider" name="brightness_slider">
+            <property name="minimum">
+             <number>50</number>
+            </property>
+            <property name="maximum">
+             <number>150</number>
+            </property>
+            <property name="singleStep">
+             <number>10</number>
+            </property>
+            <property name="pageStep">
+             <number>20</number>
+            </property>
+            <property name="value">
+             <number>100</number>
+            </property>
+            <property name="orientation">
+             <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
+            </property>
+            <property name="tickPosition">
+             <enum>QSlider::NoTicks</enum>
+            </property>
+           </widget>
+          </item>
+          <item>
+           <widget class="QPushButton" name="brightness_reset">
+            <property name="sizePolicy">
+             <sizepolicy hsizetype="Fixed" vsizetype="Fixed">
+              <horstretch>0</horstretch>
+              <verstretch>0</verstretch>
+             </sizepolicy>
+            </property>
+            <property name="text">
+             <string>Reset</string>
+            </property>
+           </widget>
+          </item>
+         </layout>
+        </item>
        </layout>
       </widget>
      </item>

src/yuzu/debugger/wait_tree.cpp

@@ -172,17 +172,6 @@ std::vector<std::unique_ptr<WaitTreeItem>> WaitTreeWaitObject::GetChildren() con
     return list;
 }
 
-QString WaitTreeWaitObject::GetResetTypeQString(Kernel::ResetType reset_type) {
-    switch (reset_type) {
-    case Kernel::ResetType::Automatic:
-        return tr("automatic reset");
-    case Kernel::ResetType::Manual:
-        return tr("manual reset");
-    }
-    UNREACHABLE();
-    return {};
-}
-
 WaitTreeObjectList::WaitTreeObjectList(
     const std::vector<Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::WaitObject>>& list, bool w_all)
     : object_list(list), wait_all(w_all) {}
@@ -336,16 +325,6 @@ std::vector<std::unique_ptr<WaitTreeItem>> WaitTreeThread::GetChildren() const {
 WaitTreeEvent::WaitTreeEvent(const Kernel::ReadableEvent& object) : WaitTreeWaitObject(object) {}
 WaitTreeEvent::~WaitTreeEvent() = default;
 
-std::vector<std::unique_ptr<WaitTreeItem>> WaitTreeEvent::GetChildren() const {
-    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<WaitTreeItem>> list(WaitTreeWaitObject::GetChildren());
-
-    list.push_back(std::make_unique<WaitTreeText>(
-        tr("reset type = %1")
-            .arg(GetResetTypeQString(
-                static_cast<const Kernel::ReadableEvent&>(object).GetResetType()))));
-    return list;
-}
-
 WaitTreeThreadList::WaitTreeThreadList(const std::vector<Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Thread>>& list)
     : thread_list(list) {}
 WaitTreeThreadList::~WaitTreeThreadList() = default;

src/yuzu/debugger/wait_tree.h

@@ -111,8 +111,6 @@ public:
 
 protected:
     const Kernel::WaitObject& object;
-
-    static QString GetResetTypeQString(Kernel::ResetType reset_type);
 };
 
 class WaitTreeObjectList : public WaitTreeExpandableItem {
@@ -146,8 +144,6 @@ class WaitTreeEvent : public WaitTreeWaitObject {
 public:
     explicit WaitTreeEvent(const Kernel::ReadableEvent& object);
     ~WaitTreeEvent() override;
-
-    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<WaitTreeItem>> GetChildren() const override;
 };
 
 class WaitTreeThreadList : public WaitTreeExpandableItem {

src/yuzu/main.cpp

@@ -817,6 +817,9 @@ QStringList GMainWindow::GetUnsupportedGLExtensions() {
     if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_multi_bind) {
         unsupported_ext.append(QStringLiteral("ARB_multi_bind"));
     }
+    if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_clip_control) {
+        unsupported_ext.append(QStringLiteral("ARB_clip_control"));
+    }
 
     // Extensions required to support some texture formats.
     if (!GLAD_GL_EXT_texture_compression_s3tc) {

src/yuzu_cmd/emu_window/emu_window_sdl2_gl.cpp

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ private:
 };
 
 bool EmuWindow_SDL2_GL::SupportsRequiredGLExtensions() {
-    std::vector<std::string> unsupported_ext;
+    std::vector<std::string_view> unsupported_ext;
 
     if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_buffer_storage)
         unsupported_ext.push_back("ARB_buffer_storage");
@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ bool EmuWindow_SDL2_GL::SupportsRequiredGLExtensions() {
         unsupported_ext.push_back("ARB_texture_mirror_clamp_to_edge");
     if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_multi_bind)
         unsupported_ext.push_back("ARB_multi_bind");
+    if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_clip_control)
+        unsupported_ext.push_back("ARB_clip_control");
 
     // Extensions required to support some texture formats.
     if (!GLAD_GL_EXT_texture_compression_s3tc)
@@ -71,8 +73,8 @@ bool EmuWindow_SDL2_GL::SupportsRequiredGLExtensions() {
     if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_depth_buffer_float)
         unsupported_ext.push_back("ARB_depth_buffer_float");
 
-    for (const std::string& ext : unsupported_ext)
-        LOG_CRITICAL(Frontend, "Unsupported GL extension: {}", ext);
+    for (const auto& extension : unsupported_ext)
+        LOG_CRITICAL(Frontend, "Unsupported GL extension: {}", extension);
 
     return unsupported_ext.empty();
 }