ldr: Add ro:1 Service

Identical copy of ldr:ro on 7.0.0+

.ci/templates/build-single.yml

@@ -1,20 +1,22 @@
 parameters:
   artifactSource: 'true'
+  cache: 'false'
 
 steps:
 - task: DockerInstaller@0
   displayName: 'Prepare Environment'
   inputs:
     dockerVersion: '17.09.0-ce'
-- task: CacheBeta@0
-  displayName: 'Cache Build System'
-  inputs:
-    key: yuzu-v1-$(BuildName)-$(BuildSuffix)-$(CacheSuffix)
-    path: $(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)/ccache
-    cacheHitVar: CACHE_RESTORED
+- ${{ if eq(parameters.cache, 'true') }}:
+  - task: CacheBeta@0
+    displayName: 'Cache Build System'
+    inputs:
+      key: yuzu-v1-$(BuildName)-$(BuildSuffix)-$(CacheSuffix)
+      path: $(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)/ccache
+      cacheHitVar: CACHE_RESTORED
 - script: chmod a+x ./.ci/scripts/$(ScriptFolder)/exec.sh && ./.ci/scripts/$(ScriptFolder)/exec.sh
   displayName: 'Build'
-- script: chmod a+x ./.ci/scripts/$(ScriptFolder)/upload.sh && ./.ci/scripts/$(ScriptFolder)/upload.sh
+- script: chmod a+x ./.ci/scripts/$(ScriptFolder)/upload.sh && RELEASE_NAME=$(BuildName) ./.ci/scripts/$(ScriptFolder)/upload.sh
   displayName: 'Package Artifacts'
 - publish: artifacts
   artifact: 'yuzu-$(BuildName)-$(BuildSuffix)'

.ci/templates/build-standard.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ jobs:
   displayName: 'standard'
   pool:
     vmImage: ubuntu-latest
-  strategy: 
+  strategy:
     maxParallel: 10
     matrix:
       windows:
@@ -19,4 +19,5 @@ jobs:
       needSubmodules: 'true'
   - template: ./build-single.yml
     parameters:
-      artifactSource: 'false'
+      artifactSource: 'false'
+      cache: $(parameters.cache)

.ci/templates/build-testing.yml

@@ -3,19 +3,21 @@ jobs:
   displayName: 'testing'
   pool:
     vmImage: ubuntu-latest
-  strategy: 
-    maxParallel: 10
+  strategy:
+    maxParallel: 5
     matrix:
       windows:
         BuildSuffix: 'windows-testing'
         ScriptFolder: 'windows'
   steps:
+  - script: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get --only-upgrade -y install python3-pip && pip install requests urllib3
+    displayName: 'Prepare Environment'
   - task: PythonScript@0
     condition: eq(variables['Build.Reason'], 'PullRequest')
     displayName: 'Determine Testing Status'
     inputs:
       scriptSource: 'filePath'
-      scriptPath: '../scripts/merge/check-label-presence.py'
+      scriptPath: '.ci/scripts/merge/check-label-presence.py'
       arguments: '$(System.PullRequest.PullRequestNumber) create-testing-build'
   - ${{ if eq(variables.enabletesting, 'true') }}:
     - template: ./sync-source.yml
@@ -27,4 +29,5 @@ jobs:
         matchLabel: 'testing-merge'
     - template: ./build-single.yml
       parameters:
-        artifactSource: 'false'
+        artifactSource: 'false'
+        cache: 'false'

.ci/templates/release.yml

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-steps:
-  - task: DownloadPipelineArtifact@2
-    displayName: 'Download Windows Release'
-    inputs:
-      artifactName: 'yuzu-$(BuildName)-windows-mingw'
-      buildType: 'current'
-      targetPath: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)'
-  - task: DownloadPipelineArtifact@2
-    displayName: 'Download Linux Release'
-    inputs:
-      artifactName: 'yuzu-$(BuildName)-linux'
-      buildType: 'current'
-      targetPath: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)'
-  - task: DownloadPipelineArtifact@2
-    displayName: 'Download Release Point'
-    inputs:
-      artifactName: 'yuzu-$(BuildName)-release-point'
-      buildType: 'current'
-      targetPath: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)'
-  - script: echo '##vso[task.setvariable variable=tagcommit]' && cat $(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/tag-commit.sha
-    displayName: 'Calculate Release Point'
-  - task: GitHubRelease@0
-    inputs:
-      gitHubConnection: $(GitHubReleaseConnectionName)
-      repositoryName: '$(GitHubReleaseRepoName)'
-      action: 'create'
-      target: $(variables.tagcommit)
-      title: 'yuzu $(BuildName) #$(Build.BuildId)'
-      assets: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/*'

.ci/yuzu-mainline.yml

@@ -21,3 +21,5 @@ stages:
   dependsOn: format
   jobs:
   - template: ./templates/build-standard.yml
+    parameters:
+      cache: 'true'

.ci/yuzu-verify.yml

@@ -15,4 +15,6 @@ stages:
   dependsOn: format
   jobs:
   - template: ./templates/build-standard.yml
-  - template: ./templates/build-testing.yml
+    parameters:
+      cache: 'false'
+  - template: ./templates/build-testing.yml

CMakeModules/GenerateSCMRev.cmake

@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ set(HASH_FILES
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/register_set_predicate.cpp"
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/shift.cpp"
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/video.cpp"
+    "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/warp.cpp"
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/xmad.cpp"
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/control_flow.cpp"
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/control_flow.h"

README.md

@@ -2,12 +2,15 @@ yuzu emulator
 =============
 [![Travis CI Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/yuzu-emu/yuzu.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/yuzu-emu/yuzu)
 [![AppVeyor CI Build Status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/77k97svb2usreu68?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/bunnei/yuzu)
+[![Azure Mainline CI Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/_apis/build/status/yuzu%20mainline?branchName=master)](https://dev.azure.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/)
 
 yuzu is an experimental open-source emulator for the Nintendo Switch from the creators of [Citra](https://citra-emu.org/).
 
-It is written in C++ with portability in mind, with builds actively maintained for Windows, Linux and macOS. The emulator is currently only useful for homebrew development and research purposes.
+It is written in C++ with portability in mind, with builds actively maintained for Windows and Linux. The emulator is capable of running several commercial games.
 
-yuzu only emulates a subset of Switch hardware and therefore is generally only useful for running/debugging homebrew applications. yuzu can boot some games, to varying degrees of success.
+yuzu only emulates a subset of Switch hardware and therefore most commercial games **do not** run at full speed or are not fully functional.
+
+Do you want to check which games are compatible and which ones are not? Please visit our [Compatibility page](https://yuzu-emu.org/game/)!
 
 yuzu is licensed under the GPLv2 (or any later version). Refer to the license.txt file included.
 

dist/license.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+The icons in this folder and its subfolders have the following licenses:
+
+Icon Name | License | Origin/Author
+--- | --- | ---
+qt_themes/default/icons/16x16/checked.png | Free for non-commercial use
+qt_themes/default/icons/16x16/failed.png | Free for non-commercial use
+qt_themes/default/icons/16x16/lock.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/default/icons/256x256/plus_folder.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/default/icons/48x48/bad_folder.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/default/icons/48x48/chip.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/default/icons/48x48/folder.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/default/icons/48x48/plus.png | CC0 1.0 | Designed by BreadFish64 from the Citra team
+qt_themes/default/icons/48x48/sd_card.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/qdarkstyle/icons/16x16/checked.png | Free for non-commercial use
+qt_themes/qdarkstyle/icons/16x16/failed.png | Free for non-commercial use
+qt_themes/qdarkstyle/icons/16x16/lock.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/qdarkstyle/icons/256x256/plus_folder.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/qdarkstyle/icons/48x48/bad_folder.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/qdarkstyle/icons/48x48/chip.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/qdarkstyle/icons/48x48/folder.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/qdarkstyle/icons/48x48/plus.png | CC0 1.0 | Designed by BreadFish64 from the Citra team
+qt_themes/qdarkstyle/icons/48x48/sd_card.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/colorful/icons/16x16/lock.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/colorful/icons/256x256/plus_folder.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/colorful/icons/48x48/bad_folder.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/colorful/icons/48x48/chip.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/colorful/icons/48x48/folder.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/colorful/icons/48x48/plus.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+qt_themes/colorful/icons/48x48/sd_card.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com
+
+<!-- TODO: Add the license of the yuzu icon -->

dist/qt_themes/colorful/icons/index.theme

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+[Icon Theme]
+Name=colorful
+Comment=Colorful theme
+Inherits=default
+Directories=16x16,48x48,256x256
+ 
+[16x16]
+Size=16
+
+[48x48]
+Size=48
+
+[256x256]
+Size=256

dist/qt_themes/colorful/style.qrc

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<RCC>
+    <qresource prefix="icons/colorful">
+        <file alias="index.theme">icons/index.theme</file>
+        <file alias="16x16/lock.png">icons/16x16/lock.png</file>
+        <file alias="48x48/bad_folder.png">icons/48x48/bad_folder.png</file>
+        <file alias="48x48/chip.png">icons/48x48/chip.png</file>
+        <file alias="48x48/folder.png">icons/48x48/folder.png</file>
+        <file alias="48x48/plus.png">icons/48x48/plus.png</file>
+        <file alias="48x48/sd_card.png">icons/48x48/sd_card.png</file>
+        <file alias="256x256/plus_folder.png">icons/256x256/plus_folder.png</file>
+    </qresource>
+    <qresource prefix="colorful">
+        <file>style.qss</file>
+    </qresource>
+</RCC>

dist/qt_themes/colorful/style.qss

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+/*
+    This file is intentionally left blank.
+    We do not want to apply any stylesheet for colorful, only icons.
+*/

dist/qt_themes/colorful_dark/icons/index.theme

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+[Icon Theme]
+Name=colorful_dark
+Comment=Colorful theme (Dark style)
+Inherits=default
+Directories=16x16
+ 
+[16x16]
+Size=16

dist/qt_themes/colorful_dark/style.qrc

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+<RCC>
+    <qresource prefix="icons/colorful_dark">
+        <file alias="index.theme">icons/index.theme</file>
+        <file alias="16x16/lock.png">icons/16x16/lock.png</file>
+        <file alias="48x48/bad_folder.png">../colorful/icons/48x48/bad_folder.png</file>
+        <file alias="48x48/chip.png">../colorful/icons/48x48/chip.png</file>
+        <file alias="48x48/folder.png">../colorful/icons/48x48/folder.png</file>
+        <file alias="48x48/plus.png">../colorful/icons/48x48/plus.png</file>
+        <file alias="48x48/sd_card.png">../colorful/icons/48x48/sd_card.png</file>
+        <file alias="256x256/plus_folder.png">../colorful/icons/256x256/plus_folder.png</file>
+    </qresource>
+
+    <qresource prefix="qss_icons">
+        <file alias="rc/up_arrow_disabled.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/up_arrow_disabled.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/Hmovetoolbar.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/Hmovetoolbar.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/stylesheet-branch-end.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/stylesheet-branch-end.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/branch_closed-on.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/branch_closed-on.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/stylesheet-vline.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/stylesheet-vline.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/branch_closed.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/branch_closed.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/branch_open-on.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/branch_open-on.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/transparent.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/transparent.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/right_arrow_disabled.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/right_arrow_disabled.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/sizegrip.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/sizegrip.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/close.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/close.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/close-hover.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/close-hover.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/close-pressed.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/close-pressed.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/down_arrow.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/down_arrow.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/Vmovetoolbar.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/Vmovetoolbar.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/left_arrow.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/left_arrow.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/stylesheet-branch-more.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/stylesheet-branch-more.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/up_arrow.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/up_arrow.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/right_arrow.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/right_arrow.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/left_arrow_disabled.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/left_arrow_disabled.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/Hsepartoolbar.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/Hsepartoolbar.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/branch_open.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/branch_open.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/Vsepartoolbar.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/Vsepartoolbar.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/down_arrow_disabled.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/down_arrow_disabled.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/undock.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/undock.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/checkbox_checked_disabled.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/checkbox_checked_disabled.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/checkbox_checked_focus.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/checkbox_checked_focus.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/checkbox_checked.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/checkbox_checked.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/checkbox_indeterminate.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/checkbox_indeterminate.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/checkbox_indeterminate_focus.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/checkbox_indeterminate_focus.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/checkbox_unchecked_disabled.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/checkbox_unchecked_disabled.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/checkbox_unchecked_focus.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/checkbox_unchecked_focus.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/checkbox_unchecked.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/checkbox_unchecked.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/radio_checked_disabled.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/radio_checked_disabled.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/radio_checked_focus.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/radio_checked_focus.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/radio_checked.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/radio_checked.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/radio_unchecked_disabled.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/radio_unchecked_disabled.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/radio_unchecked_focus.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/radio_unchecked_focus.png</file>
+        <file alias="rc/radio_unchecked.png">../qdarkstyle/rc/radio_unchecked.png</file>
+    </qresource>
+    <qresource prefix="colorful_dark">
+        <file alias="style.qss">../qdarkstyle/style.qss</file>
+    </qresource>
+</RCC>

dist/qt_themes/default/default.qrc

@@ -5,7 +5,21 @@
         <file alias="16x16/checked.png">icons/16x16/checked.png</file>
 
         <file alias="16x16/failed.png">icons/16x16/failed.png</file>
+
+        <file alias="16x16/lock.png">icons/16x16/lock.png</file>
+
+        <file alias="48x48/bad_folder.png">icons/48x48/bad_folder.png</file>
+      
+        <file alias="48x48/chip.png">icons/48x48/chip.png</file>
+
+        <file alias="48x48/folder.png">icons/48x48/folder.png</file>
+
+        <file alias="48x48/plus.png">icons/48x48/plus.png</file>
+      
+        <file alias="48x48/sd_card.png">icons/48x48/sd_card.png</file>
       
         <file alias="256x256/yuzu.png">icons/256x256/yuzu.png</file>
+
+        <file alias="256x256/plus_folder.png">icons/256x256/plus_folder.png</file>
     </qresource>
 </RCC>

dist/qt_themes/default/icons/index.theme

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 [Icon Theme]
 Name=default
 Comment=default theme
-Directories=16x16,256x256
+Directories=16x16,48x48,256x256
  
 [16x16]
 Size=16
+
+[48x48]
+Size=48
  
 [256x256]
 Size=256

dist/qt_themes/qdarkstyle/icons/index.theme

@@ -2,10 +2,13 @@
 Name=qdarkstyle
 Comment=dark theme
 Inherits=default
-Directories=16x16,256x256
+Directories=16x16,48x48,256x256
  
 [16x16]
 Size=16
- 
+
+[48x48]
+Size=48
+
 [256x256]
 Size=256

dist/qt_themes/qdarkstyle/style.qrc

@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
 <RCC>
   <qresource prefix="icons/qdarkstyle">
     <file alias="index.theme">icons/index.theme</file>
+    <file alias="16x16/lock.png">icons/16x16/lock.png</file>
+    <file alias="48x48/bad_folder.png">icons/48x48/bad_folder.png</file>
+    <file alias="48x48/chip.png">icons/48x48/chip.png</file>
+    <file alias="48x48/folder.png">icons/48x48/folder.png</file>
+    <file alias="48x48/plus.png">icons/48x48/plus.png</file>
+    <file alias="48x48/sd_card.png">icons/48x48/sd_card.png</file>
+    <file alias="256x256/plus_folder.png">icons/256x256/plus_folder.png</file>
   </qresource>
   <qresource prefix="qss_icons">
     <file>rc/up_arrow_disabled.png</file>

license.txt

@@ -337,3 +337,19 @@ proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may
 consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
 library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
 Public License instead of this License.
+
+
+The icons used in this project have the following licenses:
+
+Icon Name                          | License       | Origin/Author
+---                                | ---           | ---
+checked.png                        | Free for non-commercial use
+failed.png                         | Free for non-commercial use
+lock.png                           | CC BY-ND 3.0  | https://icons8.com
+plus_folder.png                    | CC BY-ND 3.0  | https://icons8.com
+bad_folder.png                     | CC BY-ND 3.0  | https://icons8.com
+chip.png                           | CC BY-ND 3.0  | https://icons8.com
+folder.png                         | CC BY-ND 3.0  | https://icons8.com
+plus.png (Default, Dark)           | CC0 1.0       | Designed by BreadFish64 from the Citra team
+plus.png (Colorful, Colorful Dark) | CC BY-ND 3.0  | https://icons8.com
+sd_card.png | CC BY-ND 3.0 | https://icons8.com

src/common/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ add_custom_command(OUTPUT scm_rev.cpp
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/register_set_predicate.cpp"
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/shift.cpp"
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/video.cpp"
+      "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/warp.cpp"
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/xmad.cpp"
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/control_flow.cpp"
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/control_flow.h"

src/common/alignment.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <cstddef>
+#include <memory>
 #include <type_traits>
 
 namespace Common {
@@ -37,4 +38,63 @@ constexpr bool IsWordAligned(T value) {
     return (value & 0b11) == 0;
 }
 
+template <typename T, std::size_t Align = 16>
+class AlignmentAllocator {
+public:
+    using value_type = T;
+    using size_type = std::size_t;
+    using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
+
+    using pointer = T*;
+    using const_pointer = const T*;
+
+    using reference = T&;
+    using const_reference = const T&;
+
+public:
+    pointer address(reference r) noexcept {
+        return std::addressof(r);
+    }
+
+    const_pointer address(const_reference r) const noexcept {
+        return std::addressof(r);
+    }
+
+    pointer allocate(size_type n) {
+        return static_cast<pointer>(::operator new (n, std::align_val_t{Align}));
+    }
+
+    void deallocate(pointer p, size_type) {
+        ::operator delete (p, std::align_val_t{Align});
+    }
+
+    void construct(pointer p, const value_type& wert) {
+        new (p) value_type(wert);
+    }
+
+    void destroy(pointer p) {
+        p->~value_type();
+    }
+
+    size_type max_size() const noexcept {
+        return size_type(-1) / sizeof(value_type);
+    }
+
+    template <typename T2>
+    struct rebind {
+        using other = AlignmentAllocator<T2, Align>;
+    };
+
+    bool operator!=(const AlignmentAllocator<T, Align>& other) const noexcept {
+        return !(*this == other);
+    }
+
+    // Returns true if and only if storage allocated from *this
+    // can be deallocated from other, and vice versa.
+    // Always returns true for stateless allocators.
+    bool operator==(const AlignmentAllocator<T, Align>& other) const noexcept {
+        return true;
+    }
+};
+
 } // namespace Common

src/core/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     file_sys/sdmc_factory.h
     file_sys/submission_package.cpp
     file_sys/submission_package.h
+    file_sys/system_archive/mii_model.cpp
+    file_sys/system_archive/mii_model.h
     file_sys/system_archive/ng_word.cpp
     file_sys/system_archive/ng_word.h
     file_sys/system_archive/system_archive.cpp
@@ -111,6 +113,8 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     frontend/scope_acquire_window_context.h
     gdbstub/gdbstub.cpp
     gdbstub/gdbstub.h
+    hardware_interrupt_manager.cpp
+    hardware_interrupt_manager.h
     hle/ipc.h
     hle/ipc_helpers.h
     hle/kernel/address_arbiter.cpp
@@ -372,6 +376,7 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvmap.h
     hle/service/nvdrv/interface.cpp
     hle/service/nvdrv/interface.h
+    hle/service/nvdrv/nvdata.h
     hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.cpp
     hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.h
     hle/service/nvdrv/nvmemp.cpp

src/core/core.cpp

@@ -14,11 +14,17 @@
 #include "core/core_cpu.h"
 #include "core/core_timing.h"
 #include "core/cpu_core_manager.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/bis_factory.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/card_image.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/mode.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/registered_cache.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/romfs_factory.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/savedata_factory.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/sdmc_factory.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_concat.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_real.h"
 #include "core/gdbstub/gdbstub.h"
+#include "core/hardware_interrupt_manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/client_port.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/process.h"
@@ -26,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/thread.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/applets/applets.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/apm/controller.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/filesystem/filesystem.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/glue/manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/sm/sm.h"
@@ -103,7 +110,8 @@ FileSys::VirtualFile GetGameFileFromPath(const FileSys::VirtualFilesystem& vfs,
     return vfs->OpenFile(path, FileSys::Mode::Read);
 }
 struct System::Impl {
-    explicit Impl(System& system) : kernel{system}, cpu_core_manager{system}, reporter{system} {}
+    explicit Impl(System& system)
+        : kernel{system}, cpu_core_manager{system}, applet_manager{system}, reporter{system} {}
 
     Cpu& CurrentCpuCore() {
         return cpu_core_manager.GetCurrentCore();
@@ -151,17 +159,13 @@ struct System::Impl {
         if (!renderer->Init()) {
             return ResultStatus::ErrorVideoCore;
         }
-
+        interrupt_manager = std::make_unique<Core::Hardware::InterruptManager>(system);
         gpu_core = VideoCore::CreateGPU(system);
 
         is_powered_on = true;
 
         LOG_DEBUG(Core, "Initialized OK");
 
-        // Reset counters and set time origin to current frame
-        GetAndResetPerfStats();
-        perf_stats.BeginSystemFrame();
-
         return ResultStatus::Success;
     }
 
@@ -204,6 +208,25 @@ struct System::Impl {
         main_process->Run(load_parameters->main_thread_priority,
                           load_parameters->main_thread_stack_size);
 
+        if (Settings::values.gamecard_inserted) {
+            if (Settings::values.gamecard_current_game) {
+                fs_controller.SetGameCard(GetGameFileFromPath(virtual_filesystem, filepath));
+            } else if (!Settings::values.gamecard_path.empty()) {
+                fs_controller.SetGameCard(
+                    GetGameFileFromPath(virtual_filesystem, Settings::values.gamecard_path));
+            }
+        }
+
+        u64 title_id{0};
+        if (app_loader->ReadProgramId(title_id) != Loader::ResultStatus::Success) {
+            LOG_ERROR(Core, "Failed to find title id for ROM (Error {})",
+                      static_cast<u32>(load_result));
+        }
+        perf_stats = std::make_unique<PerfStats>(title_id);
+        // Reset counters and set time origin to current frame
+        GetAndResetPerfStats();
+        perf_stats->BeginSystemFrame();
+
         status = ResultStatus::Success;
         return status;
     }
@@ -217,6 +240,8 @@ struct System::Impl {
                                     perf_results.game_fps);
         telemetry_session->AddField(Telemetry::FieldType::Performance, "Shutdown_Frametime",
                                     perf_results.frametime * 1000.0);
+        telemetry_session->AddField(Telemetry::FieldType::Performance, "Mean_Frametime_MS",
+                                    perf_stats->GetMeanFrametime());
 
         is_powered_on = false;
 
@@ -227,6 +252,7 @@ struct System::Impl {
         service_manager.reset();
         cheat_engine.reset();
         telemetry_session.reset();
+        perf_stats.reset();
         gpu_core.reset();
 
         // Close all CPU/threading state
@@ -284,7 +310,7 @@ struct System::Impl {
     }
 
     PerfStatsResults GetAndResetPerfStats() {
-        return perf_stats.GetAndResetStats(core_timing.GetGlobalTimeUs());
+        return perf_stats->GetAndResetStats(core_timing.GetGlobalTimeUs());
     }
 
     Timing::CoreTiming core_timing;
@@ -293,11 +319,13 @@ struct System::Impl {
     FileSys::VirtualFilesystem virtual_filesystem;
     /// ContentProviderUnion instance
     std::unique_ptr<FileSys::ContentProviderUnion> content_provider;
+    Service::FileSystem::FileSystemController fs_controller;
     /// AppLoader used to load the current executing application
     std::unique_ptr<Loader::AppLoader> app_loader;
     std::unique_ptr<VideoCore::RendererBase> renderer;
     std::unique_ptr<Tegra::GPU> gpu_core;
     std::shared_ptr<Tegra::DebugContext> debug_context;
+    std::unique_ptr<Core::Hardware::InterruptManager> interrupt_manager;
     CpuCoreManager cpu_core_manager;
     bool is_powered_on = false;
 
@@ -324,7 +352,7 @@ struct System::Impl {
     ResultStatus status = ResultStatus::Success;
     std::string status_details = "";
 
-    Core::PerfStats perf_stats;
+    std::unique_ptr<Core::PerfStats> perf_stats;
     Core::FrameLimiter frame_limiter;
 };
 
@@ -444,6 +472,14 @@ const Tegra::GPU& System::GPU() const {
     return *impl->gpu_core;
 }
 
+Core::Hardware::InterruptManager& System::InterruptManager() {
+    return *impl->interrupt_manager;
+}
+
+const Core::Hardware::InterruptManager& System::InterruptManager() const {
+    return *impl->interrupt_manager;
+}
+
 VideoCore::RendererBase& System::Renderer() {
     return *impl->renderer;
 }
@@ -469,11 +505,11 @@ const Timing::CoreTiming& System::CoreTiming() const {
 }
 
 Core::PerfStats& System::GetPerfStats() {
-    return impl->perf_stats;
+    return *impl->perf_stats;
 }
 
 const Core::PerfStats& System::GetPerfStats() const {
-    return impl->perf_stats;
+    return *impl->perf_stats;
 }
 
 Core::FrameLimiter& System::FrameLimiter() {
@@ -551,6 +587,14 @@ const FileSys::ContentProvider& System::GetContentProvider() const {
     return *impl->content_provider;
 }
 
+Service::FileSystem::FileSystemController& System::GetFileSystemController() {
+    return impl->fs_controller;
+}
+
+const Service::FileSystem::FileSystemController& System::GetFileSystemController() const {
+    return impl->fs_controller;
+}
+
 void System::RegisterContentProvider(FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot slot,
                                      FileSys::ContentProvider* provider) {
     impl->content_provider->SetSlot(slot, provider);

src/core/core.h

@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ namespace APM {
 class Controller;
 }
 
+namespace FileSystem {
+class FileSystemController;
+} // namespace FileSystem
+
 namespace Glue {
 class ARPManager;
 }
@@ -70,6 +74,10 @@ namespace Core::Timing {
 class CoreTiming;
 }
 
+namespace Core::Hardware {
+class InterruptManager;
+}
+
 namespace Core {
 
 class ARM_Interface;
@@ -234,6 +242,12 @@ public:
     /// Provides a constant reference to the core timing instance.
     const Timing::CoreTiming& CoreTiming() const;
 
+    /// Provides a reference to the interrupt manager instance.
+    Core::Hardware::InterruptManager& InterruptManager();
+
+    /// Provides a constant reference to the interrupt manager instance.
+    const Core::Hardware::InterruptManager& InterruptManager() const;
+
     /// Provides a reference to the kernel instance.
     Kernel::KernelCore& Kernel();
 
@@ -289,6 +303,10 @@ public:
 
     const FileSys::ContentProvider& GetContentProvider() const;
 
+    Service::FileSystem::FileSystemController& GetFileSystemController();
+
+    const Service::FileSystem::FileSystemController& GetFileSystemController() const;
+
     void RegisterContentProvider(FileSys::ContentProviderUnionSlot slot,
                                  FileSys::ContentProvider* provider);
 

src/core/crypto/key_manager.cpp

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 namespace Core::Crypto {
 
 constexpr u64 CURRENT_CRYPTO_REVISION = 0x5;
+constexpr u64 FULL_TICKET_SIZE = 0x400;
 
 using namespace Common;
 
@@ -55,6 +56,99 @@ const std::map<std::pair<S128KeyType, u64>, std::string> KEYS_VARIABLE_LENGTH{
     {{S128KeyType::KeyblobMAC, 0}, "keyblob_mac_key_"},
 };
 
+namespace {
+template <std::size_t Size>
+bool IsAllZeroArray(const std::array<u8, Size>& array) {
+    return std::all_of(array.begin(), array.end(), [](const auto& elem) { return elem == 0; });
+}
+} // namespace
+
+u64 GetSignatureTypeDataSize(SignatureType type) {
+    switch (type) {
+    case SignatureType::RSA_4096_SHA1:
+    case SignatureType::RSA_4096_SHA256:
+        return 0x200;
+    case SignatureType::RSA_2048_SHA1:
+    case SignatureType::RSA_2048_SHA256:
+        return 0x100;
+    case SignatureType::ECDSA_SHA1:
+    case SignatureType::ECDSA_SHA256:
+        return 0x3C;
+    }
+    UNREACHABLE();
+}
+
+u64 GetSignatureTypePaddingSize(SignatureType type) {
+    switch (type) {
+    case SignatureType::RSA_4096_SHA1:
+    case SignatureType::RSA_4096_SHA256:
+    case SignatureType::RSA_2048_SHA1:
+    case SignatureType::RSA_2048_SHA256:
+        return 0x3C;
+    case SignatureType::ECDSA_SHA1:
+    case SignatureType::ECDSA_SHA256:
+        return 0x40;
+    }
+    UNREACHABLE();
+}
+
+SignatureType Ticket::GetSignatureType() const {
+    if (auto ticket = std::get_if<RSA4096Ticket>(&data)) {
+        return ticket->sig_type;
+    }
+    if (auto ticket = std::get_if<RSA2048Ticket>(&data)) {
+        return ticket->sig_type;
+    }
+    if (auto ticket = std::get_if<ECDSATicket>(&data)) {
+        return ticket->sig_type;
+    }
+
+    UNREACHABLE();
+}
+
+TicketData& Ticket::GetData() {
+    if (auto ticket = std::get_if<RSA4096Ticket>(&data)) {
+        return ticket->data;
+    }
+    if (auto ticket = std::get_if<RSA2048Ticket>(&data)) {
+        return ticket->data;
+    }
+    if (auto ticket = std::get_if<ECDSATicket>(&data)) {
+        return ticket->data;
+    }
+
+    UNREACHABLE();
+}
+
+const TicketData& Ticket::GetData() const {
+    if (auto ticket = std::get_if<RSA4096Ticket>(&data)) {
+        return ticket->data;
+    }
+    if (auto ticket = std::get_if<RSA2048Ticket>(&data)) {
+        return ticket->data;
+    }
+    if (auto ticket = std::get_if<ECDSATicket>(&data)) {
+        return ticket->data;
+    }
+
+    UNREACHABLE();
+}
+
+u64 Ticket::GetSize() const {
+    const auto sig_type = GetSignatureType();
+
+    return sizeof(SignatureType) + GetSignatureTypeDataSize(sig_type) +
+           GetSignatureTypePaddingSize(sig_type) + sizeof(TicketData);
+}
+
+Ticket Ticket::SynthesizeCommon(Key128 title_key, const std::array<u8, 16>& rights_id) {
+    RSA2048Ticket out{};
+    out.sig_type = SignatureType::RSA_2048_SHA256;
+    out.data.rights_id = rights_id;
+    out.data.title_key_common = title_key;
+    return Ticket{out};
+}
+
 Key128 GenerateKeyEncryptionKey(Key128 source, Key128 master, Key128 kek_seed, Key128 key_seed) {
     Key128 out{};
 
@@ -135,6 +229,27 @@ void KeyManager::DeriveGeneralPurposeKeys(std::size_t crypto_revision) {
     }
 }
 
+RSAKeyPair<2048> KeyManager::GetETicketRSAKey() const {
+    if (IsAllZeroArray(eticket_extended_kek) || !HasKey(S128KeyType::ETicketRSAKek))
+        return {};
+
+    const auto eticket_final = GetKey(S128KeyType::ETicketRSAKek);
+
+    std::vector<u8> extended_iv(eticket_extended_kek.begin(), eticket_extended_kek.begin() + 0x10);
+    std::array<u8, 0x230> extended_dec{};
+    AESCipher<Key128> rsa_1(eticket_final, Mode::CTR);
+    rsa_1.SetIV(extended_iv);
+    rsa_1.Transcode(eticket_extended_kek.data() + 0x10, eticket_extended_kek.size() - 0x10,
+                    extended_dec.data(), Op::Decrypt);
+
+    RSAKeyPair<2048> rsa_key{};
+    std::memcpy(rsa_key.decryption_key.data(), extended_dec.data(), rsa_key.decryption_key.size());
+    std::memcpy(rsa_key.modulus.data(), extended_dec.data() + 0x100, rsa_key.modulus.size());
+    std::memcpy(rsa_key.exponent.data(), extended_dec.data() + 0x200, rsa_key.exponent.size());
+
+    return rsa_key;
+}
+
 Key128 DeriveKeyblobMACKey(const Key128& keyblob_key, const Key128& mac_source) {
     AESCipher<Key128> mac_cipher(keyblob_key, Mode::ECB);
     Key128 mac_key{};
@@ -237,7 +352,7 @@ Loader::ResultStatus DeriveSDKeys(std::array<Key256, 2>& sd_keys, KeyManager& ke
     return Loader::ResultStatus::Success;
 }
 
-std::vector<TicketRaw> GetTicketblob(const FileUtil::IOFile& ticket_save) {
+std::vector<Ticket> GetTicketblob(const FileUtil::IOFile& ticket_save) {
     if (!ticket_save.IsOpen())
         return {};
 
@@ -246,14 +361,14 @@ std::vector<TicketRaw> GetTicketblob(const FileUtil::IOFile& ticket_save) {
         return {};
     }
 
-    std::vector<TicketRaw> out;
+    std::vector<Ticket> out;
     for (std::size_t offset = 0; offset + 0x4 < buffer.size(); ++offset) {
         if (buffer[offset] == 0x4 && buffer[offset + 1] == 0x0 && buffer[offset + 2] == 0x1 &&
             buffer[offset + 3] == 0x0) {
             out.emplace_back();
             auto& next = out.back();
-            std::memcpy(&next, buffer.data() + offset, sizeof(TicketRaw));
-            offset += next.size();
+            std::memcpy(&next, buffer.data() + offset, sizeof(Ticket));
+            offset += FULL_TICKET_SIZE;
         }
     }
 
@@ -305,29 +420,23 @@ static std::optional<u64> FindTicketOffset(const std::array<u8, size>& data) {
     return offset;
 }
 
-std::optional<std::pair<Key128, Key128>> ParseTicket(const TicketRaw& ticket,
+std::optional<std::pair<Key128, Key128>> ParseTicket(const Ticket& ticket,
                                                      const RSAKeyPair<2048>& key) {
-    u32 cert_authority;
-    std::memcpy(&cert_authority, ticket.data() + 0x140, sizeof(cert_authority));
-    if (cert_authority == 0)
+    const auto issuer = ticket.GetData().issuer;
+    if (issuer == std::array<u8, 0x40>{})
         return {};
-    if (cert_authority != Common::MakeMagic('R', 'o', 'o', 't')) {
-        LOG_INFO(Crypto,
-                 "Attempting to parse ticket with non-standard certificate authority {:08X}.",
-                 cert_authority);
+    if (issuer[0] != 'R' || issuer[1] != 'o' || issuer[2] != 'o' || issuer[3] != 't') {
+        LOG_INFO(Crypto, "Attempting to parse ticket with non-standard certificate authority.");
     }
 
-    Key128 rights_id;
-    std::memcpy(rights_id.data(), ticket.data() + 0x2A0, sizeof(Key128));
+    Key128 rights_id = ticket.GetData().rights_id;
 
     if (rights_id == Key128{})
         return {};
 
-    Key128 key_temp{};
-
-    if (!std::any_of(ticket.begin() + 0x190, ticket.begin() + 0x280, [](u8 b) { return b != 0; })) {
-        std::memcpy(key_temp.data(), ticket.data() + 0x180, key_temp.size());
-        return std::make_pair(rights_id, key_temp);
+    if (!std::any_of(ticket.GetData().title_key_common_pad.begin(),
+                     ticket.GetData().title_key_common_pad.end(), [](u8 b) { return b != 0; })) {
+        return std::make_pair(rights_id, ticket.GetData().title_key_common);
     }
 
     mbedtls_mpi D; // RSA Private Exponent
@@ -342,7 +451,7 @@ std::optional<std::pair<Key128, Key128>> ParseTicket(const TicketRaw& ticket,
 
     mbedtls_mpi_read_binary(&D, key.decryption_key.data(), key.decryption_key.size());
     mbedtls_mpi_read_binary(&N, key.modulus.data(), key.modulus.size());
-    mbedtls_mpi_read_binary(&S, ticket.data() + 0x180, 0x100);
+    mbedtls_mpi_read_binary(&S, ticket.GetData().title_key_block.data(), 0x100);
 
     mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod(&M, &S, &D, &N, nullptr);
 
@@ -366,6 +475,7 @@ std::optional<std::pair<Key128, Key128>> ParseTicket(const TicketRaw& ticket,
         return {};
     ASSERT(*offset > 0);
 
+    Key128 key_temp{};
     std::memcpy(key_temp.data(), m_2.data() + *offset, key_temp.size());
 
     return std::make_pair(rights_id, key_temp);
@@ -450,6 +560,8 @@ void KeyManager::LoadFromFile(const std::string& filename, bool is_title_keys) {
 
                 const auto index = std::stoul(out[0].substr(18, 2), nullptr, 16);
                 encrypted_keyblobs[index] = Common::HexStringToArray<0xB0>(out[1]);
+            } else if (out[0].compare(0, 20, "eticket_extended_kek") == 0) {
+                eticket_extended_kek = Common::HexStringToArray<576>(out[1]);
             } else {
                 for (const auto& kv : KEYS_VARIABLE_LENGTH) {
                     if (!ValidCryptoRevisionString(out[0], kv.second.size(), 2))
@@ -862,20 +974,19 @@ void KeyManager::DeriveETicket(PartitionDataManager& data) {
     // Titlekeys
     data.DecryptProdInfo(GetBISKey(0));
 
-    const auto eticket_extended_kek = data.GetETicketExtendedKek();
+    eticket_extended_kek = data.GetETicketExtendedKek();
+    WriteKeyToFile(KeyCategory::Console, "eticket_extended_kek", eticket_extended_kek);
+    PopulateTickets();
+}
 
-    std::vector<u8> extended_iv(0x10);
-    std::memcpy(extended_iv.data(), eticket_extended_kek.data(), extended_iv.size());
-    std::array<u8, 0x230> extended_dec{};
-    AESCipher<Key128> rsa_1(eticket_final, Mode::CTR);
-    rsa_1.SetIV(extended_iv);
-    rsa_1.Transcode(eticket_extended_kek.data() + 0x10, eticket_extended_kek.size() - 0x10,
-                    extended_dec.data(), Op::Decrypt);
+void KeyManager::PopulateTickets() {
+    const auto rsa_key = GetETicketRSAKey();
 
-    RSAKeyPair<2048> rsa_key{};
-    std::memcpy(rsa_key.decryption_key.data(), extended_dec.data(), rsa_key.decryption_key.size());
-    std::memcpy(rsa_key.modulus.data(), extended_dec.data() + 0x100, rsa_key.modulus.size());
-    std::memcpy(rsa_key.exponent.data(), extended_dec.data() + 0x200, rsa_key.exponent.size());
+    if (rsa_key == RSAKeyPair<2048>{})
+        return;
+
+    if (!common_tickets.empty() && !personal_tickets.empty())
+        return;
 
     const FileUtil::IOFile save1(FileUtil::GetUserPath(FileUtil::UserPath::NANDDir) +
                                      "/system/save/80000000000000e1",
@@ -886,19 +997,41 @@ void KeyManager::DeriveETicket(PartitionDataManager& data) {
 
     const auto blob2 = GetTicketblob(save2);
     auto res = GetTicketblob(save1);
+    const auto idx = res.size();
     res.insert(res.end(), blob2.begin(), blob2.end());
 
-    for (const auto& raw : res) {
-        const auto pair = ParseTicket(raw, rsa_key);
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < res.size(); ++i) {
+        const auto common = i < idx;
+        const auto pair = ParseTicket(res[i], rsa_key);
         if (!pair)
             continue;
         const auto& [rid, key] = *pair;
         u128 rights_id;
         std::memcpy(rights_id.data(), rid.data(), rid.size());
+
+        if (common) {
+            common_tickets[rights_id] = res[i];
+        } else {
+            personal_tickets[rights_id] = res[i];
+        }
+
         SetKey(S128KeyType::Titlekey, key, rights_id[1], rights_id[0]);
     }
 }
 
+void KeyManager::SynthesizeTickets() {
+    for (const auto& key : s128_keys) {
+        if (key.first.type != S128KeyType::Titlekey) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        u128 rights_id{key.first.field1, key.first.field2};
+        Key128 rights_id_2;
+        std::memcpy(rights_id_2.data(), rights_id.data(), rights_id_2.size());
+        const auto ticket = Ticket::SynthesizeCommon(key.second, rights_id_2);
+        common_tickets.insert_or_assign(rights_id, ticket);
+    }
+}
+
 void KeyManager::SetKeyWrapped(S128KeyType id, Key128 key, u64 field1, u64 field2) {
     if (key == Key128{})
         return;
@@ -997,6 +1130,46 @@ void KeyManager::PopulateFromPartitionData(PartitionDataManager& data) {
     DeriveBase();
 }
 
+const std::map<u128, Ticket>& KeyManager::GetCommonTickets() const {
+    return common_tickets;
+}
+
+const std::map<u128, Ticket>& KeyManager::GetPersonalizedTickets() const {
+    return personal_tickets;
+}
+
+bool KeyManager::AddTicketCommon(Ticket raw) {
+    const auto rsa_key = GetETicketRSAKey();
+    if (rsa_key == RSAKeyPair<2048>{})
+        return false;
+
+    const auto pair = ParseTicket(raw, rsa_key);
+    if (!pair)
+        return false;
+    const auto& [rid, key] = *pair;
+    u128 rights_id;
+    std::memcpy(rights_id.data(), rid.data(), rid.size());
+    common_tickets[rights_id] = raw;
+    SetKey(S128KeyType::Titlekey, key, rights_id[1], rights_id[0]);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool KeyManager::AddTicketPersonalized(Ticket raw) {
+    const auto rsa_key = GetETicketRSAKey();
+    if (rsa_key == RSAKeyPair<2048>{})
+        return false;
+
+    const auto pair = ParseTicket(raw, rsa_key);
+    if (!pair)
+        return false;
+    const auto& [rid, key] = *pair;
+    u128 rights_id;
+    std::memcpy(rights_id.data(), rid.data(), rid.size());
+    common_tickets[rights_id] = raw;
+    SetKey(S128KeyType::Titlekey, key, rights_id[1], rights_id[0]);
+    return true;
+}
+
 const boost::container::flat_map<std::string, KeyIndex<S128KeyType>> KeyManager::s128_file_id = {
     {"eticket_rsa_kek", {S128KeyType::ETicketRSAKek, 0, 0}},
     {"eticket_rsa_kek_source",

src/core/crypto/key_manager.h

@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
 
+#include <variant>
 #include <boost/container/flat_map.hpp>
 #include <fmt/format.h>
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/crypto/partition_data_manager.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_types.h"
@@ -30,7 +32,79 @@ constexpr u64 TICKET_FILE_TITLEKEY_OFFSET = 0x180;
 using Key128 = std::array<u8, 0x10>;
 using Key256 = std::array<u8, 0x20>;
 using SHA256Hash = std::array<u8, 0x20>;
-using TicketRaw = std::array<u8, 0x400>;
+
+enum class SignatureType {
+    RSA_4096_SHA1 = 0x10000,
+    RSA_2048_SHA1 = 0x10001,
+    ECDSA_SHA1 = 0x10002,
+    RSA_4096_SHA256 = 0x10003,
+    RSA_2048_SHA256 = 0x10004,
+    ECDSA_SHA256 = 0x10005,
+};
+
+u64 GetSignatureTypeDataSize(SignatureType type);
+u64 GetSignatureTypePaddingSize(SignatureType type);
+
+enum class TitleKeyType : u8 {
+    Common = 0,
+    Personalized = 1,
+};
+
+struct TicketData {
+    std::array<u8, 0x40> issuer;
+    union {
+        std::array<u8, 0x100> title_key_block;
+
+        struct {
+            Key128 title_key_common;
+            std::array<u8, 0xF0> title_key_common_pad;
+        };
+    };
+
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x1);
+    TitleKeyType type;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x3);
+    u8 revision;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0xA);
+    u64 ticket_id;
+    u64 device_id;
+    std::array<u8, 0x10> rights_id;
+    u32 account_id;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x14C);
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(TicketData) == 0x2C0, "TicketData has incorrect size.");
+
+struct RSA4096Ticket {
+    SignatureType sig_type;
+    std::array<u8, 0x200> sig_data;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x3C);
+    TicketData data;
+};
+
+struct RSA2048Ticket {
+    SignatureType sig_type;
+    std::array<u8, 0x100> sig_data;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x3C);
+    TicketData data;
+};
+
+struct ECDSATicket {
+    SignatureType sig_type;
+    std::array<u8, 0x3C> sig_data;
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x40);
+    TicketData data;
+};
+
+struct Ticket {
+    std::variant<RSA4096Ticket, RSA2048Ticket, ECDSATicket> data;
+
+    SignatureType GetSignatureType() const;
+    TicketData& GetData();
+    const TicketData& GetData() const;
+    u64 GetSize() const;
+
+    static Ticket SynthesizeCommon(Key128 title_key, const std::array<u8, 0x10>& rights_id);
+};
 
 static_assert(sizeof(Key128) == 16, "Key128 must be 128 bytes big.");
 static_assert(sizeof(Key256) == 32, "Key256 must be 256 bytes big.");
@@ -43,6 +117,19 @@ struct RSAKeyPair {
     std::array<u8, 4> exponent;
 };
 
+template <size_t bit_size, size_t byte_size>
+bool operator==(const RSAKeyPair<bit_size, byte_size>& lhs,
+                const RSAKeyPair<bit_size, byte_size>& rhs) {
+    return std::tie(lhs.encryption_key, lhs.decryption_key, lhs.modulus, lhs.exponent) ==
+           std::tie(rhs.encryption_key, rhs.decryption_key, rhs.modulus, rhs.exponent);
+}
+
+template <size_t bit_size, size_t byte_size>
+bool operator!=(const RSAKeyPair<bit_size, byte_size>& lhs,
+                const RSAKeyPair<bit_size, byte_size>& rhs) {
+    return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+
 enum class KeyCategory : u8 {
     Standard,
     Title,
@@ -151,22 +238,35 @@ public:
 
     static bool KeyFileExists(bool title);
 
-    // Call before using the sd seed to attempt to derive it if it dosen't exist. Needs system save
-    // 8*43 and the private file to exist.
+    // Call before using the sd seed to attempt to derive it if it dosen't exist. Needs system
+    // save 8*43 and the private file to exist.
     void DeriveSDSeedLazy();
 
     bool BaseDeriveNecessary() const;
     void DeriveBase();
     void DeriveETicket(PartitionDataManager& data);
+    void PopulateTickets();
+    void SynthesizeTickets();
 
     void PopulateFromPartitionData(PartitionDataManager& data);
 
+    const std::map<u128, Ticket>& GetCommonTickets() const;
+    const std::map<u128, Ticket>& GetPersonalizedTickets() const;
+
+    bool AddTicketCommon(Ticket raw);
+    bool AddTicketPersonalized(Ticket raw);
+
 private:
     std::map<KeyIndex<S128KeyType>, Key128> s128_keys;
     std::map<KeyIndex<S256KeyType>, Key256> s256_keys;
 
+    // Map from rights ID to ticket
+    std::map<u128, Ticket> common_tickets;
+    std::map<u128, Ticket> personal_tickets;
+
     std::array<std::array<u8, 0xB0>, 0x20> encrypted_keyblobs{};
     std::array<std::array<u8, 0x90>, 0x20> keyblobs{};
+    std::array<u8, 576> eticket_extended_kek{};
 
     bool dev_mode;
     void LoadFromFile(const std::string& filename, bool is_title_keys);
@@ -178,6 +278,8 @@ private:
 
     void DeriveGeneralPurposeKeys(std::size_t crypto_revision);
 
+    RSAKeyPair<2048> GetETicketRSAKey() const;
+
     void SetKeyWrapped(S128KeyType id, Key128 key, u64 field1 = 0, u64 field2 = 0);
     void SetKeyWrapped(S256KeyType id, Key256 key, u64 field1 = 0, u64 field2 = 0);
 
@@ -195,11 +297,11 @@ std::array<u8, 0x90> DecryptKeyblob(const std::array<u8, 0xB0>& encrypted_keyblo
 std::optional<Key128> DeriveSDSeed();
 Loader::ResultStatus DeriveSDKeys(std::array<Key256, 2>& sd_keys, KeyManager& keys);
 
-std::vector<TicketRaw> GetTicketblob(const FileUtil::IOFile& ticket_save);
+std::vector<Ticket> GetTicketblob(const FileUtil::IOFile& ticket_save);
 
-// Returns a pair of {rights_id, titlekey}. Fails if the ticket has no certificate authority (offset
-// 0x140-0x144 is zero)
-std::optional<std::pair<Key128, Key128>> ParseTicket(const TicketRaw& ticket,
+// Returns a pair of {rights_id, titlekey}. Fails if the ticket has no certificate authority
+// (offset 0x140-0x144 is zero)
+std::optional<std::pair<Key128, Key128>> ParseTicket(const Ticket& ticket,
                                                      const RSAKeyPair<2048>& eticket_extended_key);
 
 } // namespace Core::Crypto

src/core/crypto/partition_data_manager.cpp

@@ -480,6 +480,10 @@ void PartitionDataManager::DecryptProdInfo(std::array<u8, 0x20> bis_key) {
     prodinfo_decrypted = std::make_shared<XTSEncryptionLayer>(prodinfo, bis_key);
 }
 
+FileSys::VirtualFile PartitionDataManager::GetDecryptedProdInfo() const {
+    return prodinfo_decrypted;
+}
+
 std::array<u8, 576> PartitionDataManager::GetETicketExtendedKek() const {
     std::array<u8, 0x240> out{};
     if (prodinfo_decrypted != nullptr)

src/core/crypto/partition_data_manager.h

@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ public:
     bool HasProdInfo() const;
     FileSys::VirtualFile GetProdInfoRaw() const;
     void DecryptProdInfo(std::array<u8, 0x20> bis_key);
+    FileSys::VirtualFile GetDecryptedProdInfo() const;
     std::array<u8, 0x240> GetETicketExtendedKek() const;
 
 private:

src/core/file_sys/bis_factory.cpp

@@ -3,8 +3,12 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
 #include <fmt/format.h>
+#include "common/file_util.h"
+#include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/bis_factory.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/mode.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/registered_cache.h"
+#include "core/settings.h"
 
 namespace FileSys {
 
@@ -14,10 +18,22 @@ BISFactory::BISFactory(VirtualDir nand_root_, VirtualDir load_root_, VirtualDir
       sysnand_cache(std::make_unique<RegisteredCache>(
           GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/system/Contents/registered"))),
       usrnand_cache(std::make_unique<RegisteredCache>(
-          GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/user/Contents/registered"))) {}
+          GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/user/Contents/registered"))),
+      sysnand_placeholder(std::make_unique<PlaceholderCache>(
+          GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/system/Contents/placehld"))),
+      usrnand_placeholder(std::make_unique<PlaceholderCache>(
+          GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/user/Contents/placehld"))) {}
 
 BISFactory::~BISFactory() = default;
 
+VirtualDir BISFactory::GetSystemNANDContentDirectory() const {
+    return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/system/Contents");
+}
+
+VirtualDir BISFactory::GetUserNANDContentDirectory() const {
+    return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/user/Contents");
+}
+
 RegisteredCache* BISFactory::GetSystemNANDContents() const {
     return sysnand_cache.get();
 }
@@ -26,9 +42,17 @@ RegisteredCache* BISFactory::GetUserNANDContents() const {
     return usrnand_cache.get();
 }
 
+PlaceholderCache* BISFactory::GetSystemNANDPlaceholder() const {
+    return sysnand_placeholder.get();
+}
+
+PlaceholderCache* BISFactory::GetUserNANDPlaceholder() const {
+    return usrnand_placeholder.get();
+}
+
 VirtualDir BISFactory::GetModificationLoadRoot(u64 title_id) const {
     // LayeredFS doesn't work on updates and title id-less homebrew
-    if (title_id == 0 || (title_id & 0x800) > 0)
+    if (title_id == 0 || (title_id & 0xFFF) == 0x800)
         return nullptr;
     return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(load_root, fmt::format("/{:016X}", title_id));
 }
@@ -39,4 +63,77 @@ VirtualDir BISFactory::GetModificationDumpRoot(u64 title_id) const {
     return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dump_root, fmt::format("/{:016X}", title_id));
 }
 
+VirtualDir BISFactory::OpenPartition(BisPartitionId id) const {
+    switch (id) {
+    case BisPartitionId::CalibrationFile:
+        return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/prodinfof");
+    case BisPartitionId::SafeMode:
+        return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/safe");
+    case BisPartitionId::System:
+        return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/system");
+    case BisPartitionId::User:
+        return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/user");
+    default:
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+VirtualFile BISFactory::OpenPartitionStorage(BisPartitionId id) const {
+    Core::Crypto::KeyManager keys;
+    Core::Crypto::PartitionDataManager pdm{
+        Core::System::GetInstance().GetFilesystem()->OpenDirectory(
+            FileUtil::GetUserPath(FileUtil::UserPath::SysDataDir), Mode::Read)};
+    keys.PopulateFromPartitionData(pdm);
+
+    switch (id) {
+    case BisPartitionId::CalibrationBinary:
+        return pdm.GetDecryptedProdInfo();
+    case BisPartitionId::BootConfigAndPackage2Part1:
+    case BisPartitionId::BootConfigAndPackage2Part2:
+    case BisPartitionId::BootConfigAndPackage2Part3:
+    case BisPartitionId::BootConfigAndPackage2Part4:
+    case BisPartitionId::BootConfigAndPackage2Part5:
+    case BisPartitionId::BootConfigAndPackage2Part6: {
+        const auto new_id = static_cast<u8>(id) -
+                            static_cast<u8>(BisPartitionId::BootConfigAndPackage2Part1) +
+                            static_cast<u8>(Core::Crypto::Package2Type::NormalMain);
+        return pdm.GetPackage2Raw(static_cast<Core::Crypto::Package2Type>(new_id));
+    }
+    default:
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+VirtualDir BISFactory::GetImageDirectory() const {
+    return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/user/Album");
+}
+
+u64 BISFactory::GetSystemNANDFreeSpace() const {
+    const auto sys_dir = GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/system");
+    if (sys_dir == nullptr)
+        return 0;
+
+    return GetSystemNANDTotalSpace() - sys_dir->GetSize();
+}
+
+u64 BISFactory::GetSystemNANDTotalSpace() const {
+    return static_cast<u64>(Settings::values.nand_system_size);
+}
+
+u64 BISFactory::GetUserNANDFreeSpace() const {
+    const auto usr_dir = GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(nand_root, "/user");
+    if (usr_dir == nullptr)
+        return 0;
+
+    return GetUserNANDTotalSpace() - usr_dir->GetSize();
+}
+
+u64 BISFactory::GetUserNANDTotalSpace() const {
+    return static_cast<u64>(Settings::values.nand_user_size);
+}
+
+u64 BISFactory::GetFullNANDTotalSpace() const {
+    return static_cast<u64>(Settings::values.nand_total_size);
+}
+
 } // namespace FileSys

src/core/file_sys/bis_factory.h

@@ -10,7 +10,25 @@
 
 namespace FileSys {
 
+enum class BisPartitionId : u32 {
+    UserDataRoot = 20,
+    CalibrationBinary = 27,
+    CalibrationFile = 28,
+    BootConfigAndPackage2Part1 = 21,
+    BootConfigAndPackage2Part2 = 22,
+    BootConfigAndPackage2Part3 = 23,
+    BootConfigAndPackage2Part4 = 24,
+    BootConfigAndPackage2Part5 = 25,
+    BootConfigAndPackage2Part6 = 26,
+    SafeMode = 29,
+    System = 31,
+    SystemProperEncryption = 32,
+    SystemProperPartition = 33,
+    User = 30,
+};
+
 class RegisteredCache;
+class PlaceholderCache;
 
 /// File system interface to the Built-In Storage
 /// This is currently missing accessors to BIS partitions, but seemed like a good place for the NAND
@@ -20,12 +38,29 @@ public:
     explicit BISFactory(VirtualDir nand_root, VirtualDir load_root, VirtualDir dump_root);
     ~BISFactory();
 
+    VirtualDir GetSystemNANDContentDirectory() const;
+    VirtualDir GetUserNANDContentDirectory() const;
+
     RegisteredCache* GetSystemNANDContents() const;
     RegisteredCache* GetUserNANDContents() const;
 
+    PlaceholderCache* GetSystemNANDPlaceholder() const;
+    PlaceholderCache* GetUserNANDPlaceholder() const;
+
     VirtualDir GetModificationLoadRoot(u64 title_id) const;
     VirtualDir GetModificationDumpRoot(u64 title_id) const;
 
+    VirtualDir OpenPartition(BisPartitionId id) const;
+    VirtualFile OpenPartitionStorage(BisPartitionId id) const;
+
+    VirtualDir GetImageDirectory() const;
+
+    u64 GetSystemNANDFreeSpace() const;
+    u64 GetSystemNANDTotalSpace() const;
+    u64 GetUserNANDFreeSpace() const;
+    u64 GetUserNANDTotalSpace() const;
+    u64 GetFullNANDTotalSpace() const;
+
 private:
     VirtualDir nand_root;
     VirtualDir load_root;
@@ -33,6 +68,9 @@ private:
 
     std::unique_ptr<RegisteredCache> sysnand_cache;
     std::unique_ptr<RegisteredCache> usrnand_cache;
+
+    std::unique_ptr<PlaceholderCache> sysnand_placeholder;
+    std::unique_ptr<PlaceholderCache> usrnand_placeholder;
 };
 
 } // namespace FileSys

src/core/file_sys/card_image.cpp

@@ -12,12 +12,16 @@
 #include "core/file_sys/content_archive.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/nca_metadata.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/partition_filesystem.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/romfs.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/submission_package.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/vfs_concat.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_offset.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/vfs_vector.h"
 #include "core/loader/loader.h"
 
 namespace FileSys {
 
+constexpr u64 GAMECARD_CERTIFICATE_OFFSET = 0x7000;
 constexpr std::array partition_names{
     "update",
     "normal",
@@ -175,6 +179,26 @@ VirtualDir XCI::GetParentDirectory() const {
     return file->GetContainingDirectory();
 }
 
+VirtualDir XCI::ConcatenatedPseudoDirectory() {
+    const auto out = std::make_shared<VectorVfsDirectory>();
+    for (const auto& part_id : {XCIPartition::Normal, XCIPartition::Logo, XCIPartition::Secure}) {
+        const auto& part = GetPartition(part_id);
+        if (part == nullptr)
+            continue;
+
+        for (const auto& file : part->GetFiles())
+            out->AddFile(file);
+    }
+
+    return out;
+}
+
+std::array<u8, 0x200> XCI::GetCertificate() const {
+    std::array<u8, 0x200> out;
+    file->Read(out.data(), out.size(), GAMECARD_CERTIFICATE_OFFSET);
+    return out;
+}
+
 Loader::ResultStatus XCI::AddNCAFromPartition(XCIPartition part) {
     const auto partition_index = static_cast<std::size_t>(part);
     const auto& partition = partitions[partition_index];

src/core/file_sys/card_image.h

@@ -91,6 +91,8 @@ public:
     VirtualDir GetLogoPartition() const;
 
     u64 GetProgramTitleID() const;
+    u32 GetSystemUpdateVersion();
+    u64 GetSystemUpdateTitleID() const;
 
     bool HasProgramNCA() const;
     VirtualFile GetProgramNCAFile() const;
@@ -106,6 +108,11 @@ public:
 
     VirtualDir GetParentDirectory() const override;
 
+    // Creates a directory that contains all the NCAs in the gamecard
+    VirtualDir ConcatenatedPseudoDirectory();
+
+    std::array<u8, 0x200> GetCertificate() const;
+
 private:
     Loader::ResultStatus AddNCAFromPartition(XCIPartition part);
 
@@ -120,6 +127,8 @@ private:
     std::shared_ptr<NCA> program;
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<NCA>> ncas;
 
+    u64 update_normal_partition_end;
+
     Core::Crypto::KeyManager keys;
 };
 } // namespace FileSys

src/core/file_sys/content_archive.cpp

@@ -528,6 +528,14 @@ u64 NCA::GetTitleId() const {
     return header.title_id;
 }
 
+std::array<u8, 16> NCA::GetRightsId() const {
+    return header.rights_id;
+}
+
+u32 NCA::GetSDKVersion() const {
+    return header.sdk_version;
+}
+
 bool NCA::IsUpdate() const {
     return is_update;
 }

src/core/file_sys/content_archive.h

@@ -112,6 +112,8 @@ public:
 
     NCAContentType GetType() const;
     u64 GetTitleId() const;
+    std::array<u8, 0x10> GetRightsId() const;
+    u32 GetSDKVersion() const;
     bool IsUpdate() const;
 
     VirtualFile GetRomFS() const;

src/core/file_sys/patch_manager.cpp

@@ -63,7 +63,8 @@ VirtualDir PatchManager::PatchExeFS(VirtualDir exefs) const {
 
     if (Settings::values.dump_exefs) {
         LOG_INFO(Loader, "Dumping ExeFS for title_id={:016X}", title_id);
-        const auto dump_dir = Service::FileSystem::GetModificationDumpRoot(title_id);
+        const auto dump_dir =
+            Core::System::GetInstance().GetFileSystemController().GetModificationDumpRoot(title_id);
         if (dump_dir != nullptr) {
             const auto exefs_dir = GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dump_dir, "/exefs");
             VfsRawCopyD(exefs, exefs_dir);
@@ -88,7 +89,8 @@ VirtualDir PatchManager::PatchExeFS(VirtualDir exefs) const {
     }
 
     // LayeredExeFS
-    const auto load_dir = Service::FileSystem::GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+    const auto load_dir =
+        Core::System::GetInstance().GetFileSystemController().GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
     if (load_dir != nullptr && load_dir->GetSize() > 0) {
         auto patch_dirs = load_dir->GetSubdirectories();
         std::sort(
@@ -174,7 +176,8 @@ std::vector<u8> PatchManager::PatchNSO(const std::vector<u8>& nso, const std::st
     if (Settings::values.dump_nso) {
         LOG_INFO(Loader, "Dumping NSO for name={}, build_id={}, title_id={:016X}", name, build_id,
                  title_id);
-        const auto dump_dir = Service::FileSystem::GetModificationDumpRoot(title_id);
+        const auto dump_dir =
+            Core::System::GetInstance().GetFileSystemController().GetModificationDumpRoot(title_id);
         if (dump_dir != nullptr) {
             const auto nso_dir = GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dump_dir, "/nso");
             const auto file = nso_dir->CreateFile(fmt::format("{}-{}.nso", name, build_id));
@@ -186,7 +189,13 @@ std::vector<u8> PatchManager::PatchNSO(const std::vector<u8>& nso, const std::st
 
     LOG_INFO(Loader, "Patching NSO for name={}, build_id={}", name, build_id);
 
-    const auto load_dir = Service::FileSystem::GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+    const auto load_dir =
+        Core::System::GetInstance().GetFileSystemController().GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+    if (load_dir == nullptr) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Loader, "Cannot load mods for invalid title_id={:016X}", title_id);
+        return nso;
+    }
+
     auto patch_dirs = load_dir->GetSubdirectories();
     std::sort(patch_dirs.begin(), patch_dirs.end(),
               [](const VirtualDir& l, const VirtualDir& r) { return l->GetName() < r->GetName(); });
@@ -224,7 +233,13 @@ bool PatchManager::HasNSOPatch(const std::array<u8, 32>& build_id_) const {
 
     LOG_INFO(Loader, "Querying NSO patch existence for build_id={}", build_id);
 
-    const auto load_dir = Service::FileSystem::GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+    const auto load_dir =
+        Core::System::GetInstance().GetFileSystemController().GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+    if (load_dir == nullptr) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Loader, "Cannot load mods for invalid title_id={:016X}", title_id);
+        return false;
+    }
+
     auto patch_dirs = load_dir->GetSubdirectories();
     std::sort(patch_dirs.begin(), patch_dirs.end(),
               [](const VirtualDir& l, const VirtualDir& r) { return l->GetName() < r->GetName(); });
@@ -258,7 +273,13 @@ static std::optional<CheatList> ReadCheatFileFromFolder(const Core::System& syst
 
 std::vector<CheatList> PatchManager::CreateCheatList(const Core::System& system,
                                                      const std::array<u8, 32>& build_id_) const {
-    const auto load_dir = Service::FileSystem::GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+    const auto load_dir =
+        Core::System::GetInstance().GetFileSystemController().GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+    if (load_dir == nullptr) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Loader, "Cannot load mods for invalid title_id={:016X}", title_id);
+        return {};
+    }
+
     auto patch_dirs = load_dir->GetSubdirectories();
     std::sort(patch_dirs.begin(), patch_dirs.end(),
               [](const VirtualDir& l, const VirtualDir& r) { return l->GetName() < r->GetName(); });
@@ -284,7 +305,8 @@ std::vector<CheatList> PatchManager::CreateCheatList(const Core::System& system,
 }
 
 static void ApplyLayeredFS(VirtualFile& romfs, u64 title_id, ContentRecordType type) {
-    const auto load_dir = Service::FileSystem::GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+    const auto load_dir =
+        Core::System::GetInstance().GetFileSystemController().GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
     if ((type != ContentRecordType::Program && type != ContentRecordType::Data) ||
         load_dir == nullptr || load_dir->GetSize() <= 0) {
         return;
@@ -393,6 +415,8 @@ static bool IsDirValidAndNonEmpty(const VirtualDir& dir) {
 
 std::map<std::string, std::string, std::less<>> PatchManager::GetPatchVersionNames(
     VirtualFile update_raw) const {
+    if (title_id == 0)
+        return {};
     std::map<std::string, std::string, std::less<>> out;
     const auto& installed = Core::System::GetInstance().GetContentProvider();
     const auto& disabled = Settings::values.disabled_addons[title_id];
@@ -423,7 +447,8 @@ std::map<std::string, std::string, std::less<>> PatchManager::GetPatchVersionNam
     }
 
     // General Mods (LayeredFS and IPS)
-    const auto mod_dir = Service::FileSystem::GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
+    const auto mod_dir =
+        Core::System::GetInstance().GetFileSystemController().GetModificationLoadRoot(title_id);
     if (mod_dir != nullptr && mod_dir->GetSize() > 0) {
         for (const auto& mod : mod_dir->GetSubdirectories()) {
             std::string types;

src/core/file_sys/program_metadata.cpp

@@ -48,6 +48,15 @@ Loader::ResultStatus ProgramMetadata::Load(VirtualFile file) {
         return Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorBadKernelCapabilityDescriptors;
     }
 
+    acid_file_access_raw =
+        file->ReadBytes(acid_header.fac_size, npdm_header.acid_offset + acid_header.fac_offset);
+    aci0_file_access_raw =
+        file->ReadBytes(aci_header.fah_size, npdm_header.aci_offset + aci_header.fah_offset);
+    acid_service_access_raw =
+        file->ReadBytes(acid_header.sac_size, npdm_header.acid_offset + acid_header.sac_offset);
+    aci0_service_access_raw =
+        file->ReadBytes(aci_header.sac_size, npdm_header.aci_offset + aci_header.sac_offset);
+
     return Loader::ResultStatus::Success;
 }
 
@@ -66,6 +75,22 @@ void ProgramMetadata::LoadManual(bool is_64_bit, ProgramAddressSpaceType address
     aci_kernel_capabilities = std ::move(capabilities);
 }
 
+std::vector<u8> ProgramMetadata::GetACIDFileAccessControl() const {
+    return acid_file_access_raw;
+}
+
+std::vector<u8> ProgramMetadata::GetACI0FileAccessControl() const {
+    return aci0_file_access_raw;
+}
+
+std::vector<u8> ProgramMetadata::GetACIDServiceAccessControl() const {
+    return acid_service_access_raw;
+}
+
+std::vector<u8> ProgramMetadata::GetACI0ServiceAccessControl() const {
+    return aci0_service_access_raw;
+}
+
 bool ProgramMetadata::Is64BitProgram() const {
     return npdm_header.has_64_bit_instructions;
 }

src/core/file_sys/program_metadata.h

@@ -61,6 +61,11 @@ public:
     u32 GetSystemResourceSize() const;
     const KernelCapabilityDescriptors& GetKernelCapabilities() const;
 
+    std::vector<u8> GetACIDFileAccessControl() const;
+    std::vector<u8> GetACI0FileAccessControl() const;
+    std::vector<u8> GetACIDServiceAccessControl() const;
+    std::vector<u8> GetACI0ServiceAccessControl() const;
+
     void Print() const;
 
 private:
@@ -164,6 +169,11 @@ private:
     FileAccessControl acid_file_access;
     FileAccessHeader aci_file_access;
 
+    std::vector<u8> acid_file_access_raw;
+    std::vector<u8> aci0_file_access_raw;
+    std::vector<u8> acid_service_access_raw;
+    std::vector<u8> aci0_service_access_raw;
+
     KernelCapabilityDescriptors aci_kernel_capabilities;
 };
 

src/core/file_sys/registered_cache.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <random>
 #include <regex>
 #include <mbedtls/sha256.h>
 #include "common/assert.h"
@@ -48,18 +49,21 @@ static bool FollowsTwoDigitDirFormat(std::string_view name) {
 static bool FollowsNcaIdFormat(std::string_view name) {
     static const std::regex nca_id_regex("[0-9A-F]{32}\\.nca", std::regex_constants::ECMAScript |
                                                                    std::regex_constants::icase);
-    return name.size() == 36 && std::regex_match(name.begin(), name.end(), nca_id_regex);
+    static const std::regex nca_id_cnmt_regex(
+        "[0-9A-F]{32}\\.cnmt.nca", std::regex_constants::ECMAScript | std::regex_constants::icase);
+    return (name.size() == 36 && std::regex_match(name.begin(), name.end(), nca_id_regex)) ||
+           (name.size() == 41 && std::regex_match(name.begin(), name.end(), nca_id_cnmt_regex));
 }
 
 static std::string GetRelativePathFromNcaID(const std::array<u8, 16>& nca_id, bool second_hex_upper,
-                                            bool within_two_digit) {
-    if (!within_two_digit) {
-        return fmt::format("/{}.nca", Common::HexToString(nca_id, second_hex_upper));
-    }
+                                            bool within_two_digit, bool cnmt_suffix) {
+    if (!within_two_digit)
+        return fmt::format(cnmt_suffix ? "{}.cnmt.nca" : "/{}.nca",
+                           Common::HexToString(nca_id, second_hex_upper));
 
     Core::Crypto::SHA256Hash hash{};
     mbedtls_sha256(nca_id.data(), nca_id.size(), hash.data(), 0);
-    return fmt::format("/000000{:02X}/{}.nca", hash[0],
+    return fmt::format(cnmt_suffix ? "/000000{:02X}/{}.cnmt.nca" : "/000000{:02X}/{}.nca", hash[0],
                        Common::HexToString(nca_id, second_hex_upper));
 }
 
@@ -127,6 +131,156 @@ std::vector<ContentProviderEntry> ContentProvider::ListEntries() const {
     return ListEntriesFilter(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt);
 }
 
+PlaceholderCache::PlaceholderCache(VirtualDir dir_) : dir(std::move(dir_)) {}
+
+bool PlaceholderCache::Create(const NcaID& id, u64 size) const {
+    const auto path = GetRelativePathFromNcaID(id, false, true, false);
+
+    if (dir->GetFileRelative(path) != nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    Core::Crypto::SHA256Hash hash{};
+    mbedtls_sha256(id.data(), id.size(), hash.data(), 0);
+    const auto dirname = fmt::format("000000{:02X}", hash[0]);
+
+    const auto dir2 = GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, dirname);
+
+    if (dir2 == nullptr)
+        return false;
+
+    const auto file = dir2->CreateFile(fmt::format("{}.nca", Common::HexToString(id, false)));
+
+    if (file == nullptr)
+        return false;
+
+    return file->Resize(size);
+}
+
+bool PlaceholderCache::Delete(const NcaID& id) const {
+    const auto path = GetRelativePathFromNcaID(id, false, true, false);
+
+    if (dir->GetFileRelative(path) == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    Core::Crypto::SHA256Hash hash{};
+    mbedtls_sha256(id.data(), id.size(), hash.data(), 0);
+    const auto dirname = fmt::format("000000{:02X}", hash[0]);
+
+    const auto dir2 = GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, dirname);
+
+    const auto res = dir2->DeleteFile(fmt::format("{}.nca", Common::HexToString(id, false)));
+
+    return res;
+}
+
+bool PlaceholderCache::Exists(const NcaID& id) const {
+    const auto path = GetRelativePathFromNcaID(id, false, true, false);
+
+    return dir->GetFileRelative(path) != nullptr;
+}
+
+bool PlaceholderCache::Write(const NcaID& id, u64 offset, const std::vector<u8>& data) const {
+    const auto path = GetRelativePathFromNcaID(id, false, true, false);
+    const auto file = dir->GetFileRelative(path);
+
+    if (file == nullptr)
+        return false;
+
+    return file->WriteBytes(data, offset) == data.size();
+}
+
+bool PlaceholderCache::Register(RegisteredCache* cache, const NcaID& placeholder,
+                                const NcaID& install) const {
+    const auto path = GetRelativePathFromNcaID(placeholder, false, true, false);
+    const auto file = dir->GetFileRelative(path);
+
+    if (file == nullptr)
+        return false;
+
+    const auto res = cache->RawInstallNCA(NCA{file}, &VfsRawCopy, false, install);
+
+    if (res != InstallResult::Success)
+        return false;
+
+    return Delete(placeholder);
+}
+
+bool PlaceholderCache::CleanAll() const {
+    return dir->GetParentDirectory()->CleanSubdirectoryRecursive(dir->GetName());
+}
+
+std::optional<std::array<u8, 0x10>> PlaceholderCache::GetRightsID(const NcaID& id) const {
+    const auto path = GetRelativePathFromNcaID(id, false, true, false);
+    const auto file = dir->GetFileRelative(path);
+
+    if (file == nullptr)
+        return std::nullopt;
+
+    NCA nca{file};
+
+    if (nca.GetStatus() != Loader::ResultStatus::Success &&
+        nca.GetStatus() != Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorMissingBKTRBaseRomFS) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    const auto rights_id = nca.GetRightsId();
+    if (rights_id == NcaID{})
+        return std::nullopt;
+
+    return rights_id;
+}
+
+u64 PlaceholderCache::Size(const NcaID& id) const {
+    const auto path = GetRelativePathFromNcaID(id, false, true, false);
+    const auto file = dir->GetFileRelative(path);
+
+    if (file == nullptr)
+        return 0;
+
+    return file->GetSize();
+}
+
+bool PlaceholderCache::SetSize(const NcaID& id, u64 new_size) const {
+    const auto path = GetRelativePathFromNcaID(id, false, true, false);
+    const auto file = dir->GetFileRelative(path);
+
+    if (file == nullptr)
+        return false;
+
+    return file->Resize(new_size);
+}
+
+std::vector<NcaID> PlaceholderCache::List() const {
+    std::vector<NcaID> out;
+    for (const auto& sdir : dir->GetSubdirectories()) {
+        for (const auto& file : sdir->GetFiles()) {
+            const auto name = file->GetName();
+            if (name.length() == 36 && name[32] == '.' && name[33] == 'n' && name[34] == 'c' &&
+                name[35] == 'a') {
+                out.push_back(Common::HexStringToArray<0x10>(name.substr(0, 32)));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+NcaID PlaceholderCache::Generate() {
+    std::random_device device;
+    std::mt19937 gen(device());
+    std::uniform_int_distribution<u64> distribution(1, std::numeric_limits<u64>::max());
+
+    NcaID out{};
+
+    const auto v1 = distribution(gen);
+    const auto v2 = distribution(gen);
+    std::memcpy(out.data(), &v1, sizeof(u64));
+    std::memcpy(out.data() + sizeof(u64), &v2, sizeof(u64));
+
+    return out;
+}
+
 VirtualFile RegisteredCache::OpenFileOrDirectoryConcat(const VirtualDir& dir,
                                                        std::string_view path) const {
     const auto file = dir->GetFileRelative(path);
@@ -169,14 +323,18 @@ VirtualFile RegisteredCache::OpenFileOrDirectoryConcat(const VirtualDir& dir,
 
 VirtualFile RegisteredCache::GetFileAtID(NcaID id) const {
     VirtualFile file;
-    // Try all four modes of file storage:
-    // (bit 1 = uppercase/lower, bit 0 = within a two-digit dir)
-    // 00: /000000**/{:032X}.nca
-    // 01: /{:032X}.nca
-    // 10: /000000**/{:032x}.nca
-    // 11: /{:032x}.nca
-    for (u8 i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
-        const auto path = GetRelativePathFromNcaID(id, (i & 0b10) == 0, (i & 0b01) == 0);
+    // Try all five relevant modes of file storage:
+    // (bit 2 = uppercase/lower, bit 1 = within a two-digit dir, bit 0 = .cnmt suffix)
+    // 000: /000000**/{:032X}.nca
+    // 010: /{:032X}.nca
+    // 100: /000000**/{:032x}.nca
+    // 110: /{:032x}.nca
+    // 111: /{:032x}.cnmt.nca
+    for (u8 i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+        if ((i % 2) == 1 && i != 7)
+            continue;
+        const auto path =
+            GetRelativePathFromNcaID(id, (i & 0b100) == 0, (i & 0b010) == 0, (i & 0b001) == 0b001);
         file = OpenFileOrDirectoryConcat(dir, path);
         if (file != nullptr)
             return file;
@@ -472,7 +630,7 @@ InstallResult RegisteredCache::RawInstallNCA(const NCA& nca, const VfsCopyFuncti
         memcpy(id.data(), hash.data(), 16);
     }
 
-    std::string path = GetRelativePathFromNcaID(id, false, true);
+    std::string path = GetRelativePathFromNcaID(id, false, true, false);
 
     if (GetFileAtID(id) != nullptr && !overwrite_if_exists) {
         LOG_WARNING(Loader, "Attempting to overwrite existing NCA. Skipping...");

src/core/file_sys/registered_cache.h

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ enum class NCAContentType : u8;
 enum class TitleType : u8;
 
 struct ContentRecord;
+struct MetaRecord;
+class RegisteredCache;
 
 using NcaID = std::array<u8, 0x10>;
 using ContentProviderParsingFunction = std::function<VirtualFile(const VirtualFile&, const NcaID&)>;
@@ -89,6 +91,27 @@ protected:
     Core::Crypto::KeyManager keys;
 };
 
+class PlaceholderCache {
+public:
+    explicit PlaceholderCache(VirtualDir dir);
+
+    bool Create(const NcaID& id, u64 size) const;
+    bool Delete(const NcaID& id) const;
+    bool Exists(const NcaID& id) const;
+    bool Write(const NcaID& id, u64 offset, const std::vector<u8>& data) const;
+    bool Register(RegisteredCache* cache, const NcaID& placeholder, const NcaID& install) const;
+    bool CleanAll() const;
+    std::optional<std::array<u8, 0x10>> GetRightsID(const NcaID& id) const;
+    u64 Size(const NcaID& id) const;
+    bool SetSize(const NcaID& id, u64 new_size) const;
+    std::vector<NcaID> List() const;
+
+    static NcaID Generate();
+
+private:
+    VirtualDir dir;
+};
+
 /*
  * A class that catalogues NCAs in the registered directory structure.
  * Nintendo's registered format follows this structure:
@@ -103,6 +126,8 @@ protected:
  * when 4GB splitting can be ignored.)
  */
 class RegisteredCache : public ContentProvider {
+    friend class PlaceholderCache;
+
 public:
     // Parsing function defines the conversion from raw file to NCA. If there are other steps
     // besides creating the NCA from the file (e.g. NAX0 on SD Card), that should go in a custom

src/core/file_sys/romfs_factory.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/card_image.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/content_archive.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/nca_metadata.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/patch_manager.h"
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ void RomFSFactory::SetPackedUpdate(VirtualFile update_raw) {
     this->update_raw = std::move(update_raw);
 }
 
-ResultVal<VirtualFile> RomFSFactory::OpenCurrentProcess() {
+ResultVal<VirtualFile> RomFSFactory::OpenCurrentProcess() const {
     if (!updatable)
         return MakeResult<VirtualFile>(file);
 
@@ -43,7 +44,8 @@ ResultVal<VirtualFile> RomFSFactory::OpenCurrentProcess() {
         patch_manager.PatchRomFS(file, ivfc_offset, ContentRecordType::Program, update_raw));
 }
 
-ResultVal<VirtualFile> RomFSFactory::Open(u64 title_id, StorageId storage, ContentRecordType type) {
+ResultVal<VirtualFile> RomFSFactory::Open(u64 title_id, StorageId storage,
+                                          ContentRecordType type) const {
     std::shared_ptr<NCA> res;
 
     switch (storage) {
@@ -51,13 +53,17 @@ ResultVal<VirtualFile> RomFSFactory::Open(u64 title_id, StorageId storage, Conte
         res = Core::System::GetInstance().GetContentProvider().GetEntry(title_id, type);
         break;
     case StorageId::NandSystem:
-        res = Service::FileSystem::GetSystemNANDContents()->GetEntry(title_id, type);
+        res =
+            Core::System::GetInstance().GetFileSystemController().GetSystemNANDContents()->GetEntry(
+                title_id, type);
         break;
     case StorageId::NandUser:
-        res = Service::FileSystem::GetUserNANDContents()->GetEntry(title_id, type);
+        res = Core::System::GetInstance().GetFileSystemController().GetUserNANDContents()->GetEntry(
+            title_id, type);
         break;
     case StorageId::SdCard:
-        res = Service::FileSystem::GetSDMCContents()->GetEntry(title_id, type);
+        res = Core::System::GetInstance().GetFileSystemController().GetSDMCContents()->GetEntry(
+            title_id, type);
         break;
     default:
         UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unimplemented storage_id={:02X}", static_cast<u8>(storage));

src/core/file_sys/romfs_factory.h

@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ public:
     ~RomFSFactory();
 
     void SetPackedUpdate(VirtualFile update_raw);
-    ResultVal<VirtualFile> OpenCurrentProcess();
-    ResultVal<VirtualFile> Open(u64 title_id, StorageId storage, ContentRecordType type);
+    ResultVal<VirtualFile> OpenCurrentProcess() const;
+    ResultVal<VirtualFile> Open(u64 title_id, StorageId storage, ContentRecordType type) const;
 
 private:
     VirtualFile file;

src/core/file_sys/savedata_factory.cpp

@@ -15,22 +15,8 @@ namespace FileSys {
 
 constexpr char SAVE_DATA_SIZE_FILENAME[] = ".yuzu_save_size";
 
-std::string SaveDataDescriptor::DebugInfo() const {
-    return fmt::format("[type={:02X}, title_id={:016X}, user_id={:016X}{:016X}, save_id={:016X}, "
-                       "rank={}, index={}]",
-                       static_cast<u8>(type), title_id, user_id[1], user_id[0], save_id,
-                       static_cast<u8>(rank), index);
-}
-
-SaveDataFactory::SaveDataFactory(VirtualDir save_directory) : dir(std::move(save_directory)) {
-    // Delete all temporary storages
-    // On hardware, it is expected that temporary storage be empty at first use.
-    dir->DeleteSubdirectoryRecursive("temp");
-}
-
-SaveDataFactory::~SaveDataFactory() = default;
-
-ResultVal<VirtualDir> SaveDataFactory::Open(SaveDataSpaceId space, const SaveDataDescriptor& meta) {
+namespace {
+void PrintSaveDataDescriptorWarnings(SaveDataDescriptor meta) {
     if (meta.type == SaveDataType::SystemSaveData || meta.type == SaveDataType::SaveData) {
         if (meta.zero_1 != 0) {
             LOG_WARNING(Service_FS,
@@ -65,23 +51,51 @@ ResultVal<VirtualDir> SaveDataFactory::Open(SaveDataSpaceId space, const SaveDat
                     "non-zero ({:016X}{:016X})",
                     meta.user_id[1], meta.user_id[0]);
     }
+}
+} // Anonymous namespace
 
-    std::string save_directory =
+std::string SaveDataDescriptor::DebugInfo() const {
+    return fmt::format("[type={:02X}, title_id={:016X}, user_id={:016X}{:016X}, "
+                       "save_id={:016X}, "
+                       "rank={}, index={}]",
+                       static_cast<u8>(type), title_id, user_id[1], user_id[0], save_id,
+                       static_cast<u8>(rank), index);
+}
+
+SaveDataFactory::SaveDataFactory(VirtualDir save_directory) : dir(std::move(save_directory)) {
+    // Delete all temporary storages
+    // On hardware, it is expected that temporary storage be empty at first use.
+    dir->DeleteSubdirectoryRecursive("temp");
+}
+
+SaveDataFactory::~SaveDataFactory() = default;
+
+ResultVal<VirtualDir> SaveDataFactory::Create(SaveDataSpaceId space,
+                                              const SaveDataDescriptor& meta) const {
+    PrintSaveDataDescriptorWarnings(meta);
+
+    const auto save_directory =
         GetFullPath(space, meta.type, meta.title_id, meta.user_id, meta.save_id);
 
-    // TODO(DarkLordZach): Try to not create when opening, there are dedicated create save methods.
-    // But, user_ids don't match so this works for now.
+    auto out = dir->CreateDirectoryRelative(save_directory);
+
+    // Return an error if the save data doesn't actually exist.
+    if (out == nullptr) {
+        // TODO(DarkLordZach): Find out correct error code.
+        return ResultCode(-1);
+    }
+
+    return MakeResult<VirtualDir>(std::move(out));
+}
+
+ResultVal<VirtualDir> SaveDataFactory::Open(SaveDataSpaceId space,
+                                            const SaveDataDescriptor& meta) const {
+
+    const auto save_directory =
+        GetFullPath(space, meta.type, meta.title_id, meta.user_id, meta.save_id);
 
     auto out = dir->GetDirectoryRelative(save_directory);
 
-    if (out == nullptr) {
-        // TODO(bunnei): This is a work-around to always create a save data directory if it does not
-        // already exist. This is a hack, as we do not understand yet how this works on hardware.
-        // Without a save data directory, many games will assert on boot. This should not have any
-        // bad side-effects.
-        out = dir->CreateDirectoryRelative(save_directory);
-    }
-
     // Return an error if the save data doesn't actually exist.
     if (out == nullptr) {
         // TODO(Subv): Find out correct error code.
@@ -152,7 +166,7 @@ SaveDataSize SaveDataFactory::ReadSaveDataSize(SaveDataType type, u64 title_id,
 }
 
 void SaveDataFactory::WriteSaveDataSize(SaveDataType type, u64 title_id, u128 user_id,
-                                        SaveDataSize new_value) {
+                                        SaveDataSize new_value) const {
     const auto path = GetFullPath(SaveDataSpaceId::NandUser, type, title_id, user_id, 0);
     const auto dir = GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(this->dir, path);
 

src/core/file_sys/savedata_factory.h

@@ -64,7 +64,8 @@ public:
     explicit SaveDataFactory(VirtualDir dir);
     ~SaveDataFactory();
 
-    ResultVal<VirtualDir> Open(SaveDataSpaceId space, const SaveDataDescriptor& meta);
+    ResultVal<VirtualDir> Create(SaveDataSpaceId space, const SaveDataDescriptor& meta) const;
+    ResultVal<VirtualDir> Open(SaveDataSpaceId space, const SaveDataDescriptor& meta) const;
 
     VirtualDir GetSaveDataSpaceDirectory(SaveDataSpaceId space) const;
 
@@ -73,7 +74,8 @@ public:
                                    u128 user_id, u64 save_id);
 
     SaveDataSize ReadSaveDataSize(SaveDataType type, u64 title_id, u128 user_id) const;
-    void WriteSaveDataSize(SaveDataType type, u64 title_id, u128 user_id, SaveDataSize new_value);
+    void WriteSaveDataSize(SaveDataType type, u64 title_id, u128 user_id,
+                           SaveDataSize new_value) const;
 
 private:
     VirtualDir dir;

src/core/file_sys/sdmc_factory.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "core/file_sys/registered_cache.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/sdmc_factory.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/xts_archive.h"
+#include "core/settings.h"
 
 namespace FileSys {
 
@@ -14,16 +15,38 @@ SDMCFactory::SDMCFactory(VirtualDir dir_)
                                 GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, "/Nintendo/Contents/registered"),
                                 [](const VirtualFile& file, const NcaID& id) {
                                     return NAX{file, id}.GetDecrypted();
-                                })) {}
+                                })),
+      placeholder(std::make_unique<PlaceholderCache>(
+          GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, "/Nintendo/Contents/placehld"))) {}
 
 SDMCFactory::~SDMCFactory() = default;
 
-ResultVal<VirtualDir> SDMCFactory::Open() {
+ResultVal<VirtualDir> SDMCFactory::Open() const {
     return MakeResult<VirtualDir>(dir);
 }
 
+VirtualDir SDMCFactory::GetSDMCContentDirectory() const {
+    return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, "/Nintendo/Contents");
+}
+
 RegisteredCache* SDMCFactory::GetSDMCContents() const {
     return contents.get();
 }
 
+PlaceholderCache* SDMCFactory::GetSDMCPlaceholder() const {
+    return placeholder.get();
+}
+
+VirtualDir SDMCFactory::GetImageDirectory() const {
+    return GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dir, "/Nintendo/Album");
+}
+
+u64 SDMCFactory::GetSDMCFreeSpace() const {
+    return GetSDMCTotalSpace() - dir->GetSize();
+}
+
+u64 SDMCFactory::GetSDMCTotalSpace() const {
+    return static_cast<u64>(Settings::values.sdmc_size);
+}
+
 } // namespace FileSys

src/core/file_sys/sdmc_factory.h

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 namespace FileSys {
 
 class RegisteredCache;
+class PlaceholderCache;
 
 /// File system interface to the SDCard archive
 class SDMCFactory {
@@ -18,13 +19,23 @@ public:
     explicit SDMCFactory(VirtualDir dir);
     ~SDMCFactory();
 
-    ResultVal<VirtualDir> Open();
+    ResultVal<VirtualDir> Open() const;
+
+    VirtualDir GetSDMCContentDirectory() const;
+
     RegisteredCache* GetSDMCContents() const;
+    PlaceholderCache* GetSDMCPlaceholder() const;
+
+    VirtualDir GetImageDirectory() const;
+
+    u64 GetSDMCFreeSpace() const;
+    u64 GetSDMCTotalSpace() const;
 
 private:
     VirtualDir dir;
 
     std::unique_ptr<RegisteredCache> contents;
+    std::unique_ptr<PlaceholderCache> placeholder;
 };
 
 } // namespace FileSys

src/core/file_sys/submission_package.cpp

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "core/file_sys/content_archive.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/nca_metadata.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/partition_filesystem.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/program_metadata.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/submission_package.h"
 #include "core/loader/loader.h"
 
@@ -78,6 +79,10 @@ Loader::ResultStatus NSP::GetStatus() const {
 }
 
 Loader::ResultStatus NSP::GetProgramStatus(u64 title_id) const {
+    if (IsExtractedType() && GetExeFS() != nullptr && FileSys::IsDirectoryExeFS(GetExeFS())) {
+        return Loader::ResultStatus::Success;
+    }
+
     const auto iter = program_status.find(title_id);
     if (iter == program_status.end())
         return Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorNSPMissingProgramNCA;
@@ -85,12 +90,29 @@ Loader::ResultStatus NSP::GetProgramStatus(u64 title_id) const {
 }
 
 u64 NSP::GetFirstTitleID() const {
+    if (IsExtractedType()) {
+        return GetProgramTitleID();
+    }
+
     if (program_status.empty())
         return 0;
     return program_status.begin()->first;
 }
 
 u64 NSP::GetProgramTitleID() const {
+    if (IsExtractedType()) {
+        if (GetExeFS() == nullptr || !IsDirectoryExeFS(GetExeFS())) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        ProgramMetadata meta;
+        if (meta.Load(GetExeFS()->GetFile("main.npdm")) == Loader::ResultStatus::Success) {
+            return meta.GetTitleID();
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
     const auto out = GetFirstTitleID();
     if ((out & 0x800) == 0)
         return out;
@@ -102,6 +124,10 @@ u64 NSP::GetProgramTitleID() const {
 }
 
 std::vector<u64> NSP::GetTitleIDs() const {
+    if (IsExtractedType()) {
+        return {GetProgramTitleID()};
+    }
+
     std::vector<u64> out;
     out.reserve(ncas.size());
     for (const auto& kv : ncas)
@@ -222,7 +248,8 @@ void NSP::InitializeExeFSAndRomFS(const std::vector<VirtualFile>& files) {
 
 void NSP::ReadNCAs(const std::vector<VirtualFile>& files) {
     for (const auto& outer_file : files) {
-        if (outer_file->GetName().substr(outer_file->GetName().size() - 9) != ".cnmt.nca") {
+        if (outer_file->GetName().size() < 9 ||
+            outer_file->GetName().substr(outer_file->GetName().size() - 9) != ".cnmt.nca") {
             continue;
         }
 

src/core/file_sys/system_archive/mii_model.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu emulator team
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "core/file_sys/system_archive/mii_model.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/vfs_vector.h"
+
+namespace FileSys::SystemArchive {
+
+namespace MiiModelData {
+
+constexpr std::array<u8, 0x10> NFTR_STANDARD{'N',  'F',  'T',  'R',  0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+                                             0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+constexpr std::array<u8, 0x10> NFSR_STANDARD{'N',  'F',  'S',  'R',  0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+                                             0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+
+constexpr auto TEXTURE_LOW_LINEAR = NFTR_STANDARD;
+constexpr auto TEXTURE_LOW_SRGB = NFTR_STANDARD;
+constexpr auto TEXTURE_MID_LINEAR = NFTR_STANDARD;
+constexpr auto TEXTURE_MID_SRGB = NFTR_STANDARD;
+constexpr auto SHAPE_HIGH = NFSR_STANDARD;
+constexpr auto SHAPE_MID = NFSR_STANDARD;
+
+} // namespace MiiModelData
+
+VirtualDir MiiModel() {
+    auto out = std::make_shared<VectorVfsDirectory>(std::vector<VirtualFile>{},
+                                                    std::vector<VirtualDir>{}, "data");
+
+    out->AddFile(std::make_shared<ArrayVfsFile<MiiModelData::TEXTURE_LOW_LINEAR.size()>>(
+        MiiModelData::TEXTURE_LOW_LINEAR, "NXTextureLowLinear.dat"));
+    out->AddFile(std::make_shared<ArrayVfsFile<MiiModelData::TEXTURE_LOW_SRGB.size()>>(
+        MiiModelData::TEXTURE_LOW_SRGB, "NXTextureLowSRGB.dat"));
+    out->AddFile(std::make_shared<ArrayVfsFile<MiiModelData::TEXTURE_MID_LINEAR.size()>>(
+        MiiModelData::TEXTURE_MID_LINEAR, "NXTextureMidLinear.dat"));
+    out->AddFile(std::make_shared<ArrayVfsFile<MiiModelData::TEXTURE_MID_SRGB.size()>>(
+        MiiModelData::TEXTURE_MID_SRGB, "NXTextureMidSRGB.dat"));
+    out->AddFile(std::make_shared<ArrayVfsFile<MiiModelData::SHAPE_HIGH.size()>>(
+        MiiModelData::SHAPE_HIGH, "ShapeHigh.dat"));
+    out->AddFile(std::make_shared<ArrayVfsFile<MiiModelData::SHAPE_MID.size()>>(
+        MiiModelData::SHAPE_MID, "ShapeMid.dat"));
+
+    return std::move(out);
+}
+
+} // namespace FileSys::SystemArchive

src/core/file_sys/system_archive/mii_model.h

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu emulator team
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/file_sys/vfs_types.h"
+
+namespace FileSys::SystemArchive {
+
+VirtualDir MiiModel();
+
+} // namespace FileSys::SystemArchive

src/core/file_sys/system_archive/system_archive.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/romfs.h"
+#include "core/file_sys/system_archive/mii_model.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/system_archive/ng_word.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/system_archive/system_archive.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/system_archive/system_version.h"
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ struct SystemArchiveDescriptor {
 constexpr std::array<SystemArchiveDescriptor, SYSTEM_ARCHIVE_COUNT> SYSTEM_ARCHIVES{{
     {0x0100000000000800, "CertStore", nullptr},
     {0x0100000000000801, "ErrorMessage", nullptr},
-    {0x0100000000000802, "MiiModel", nullptr},
+    {0x0100000000000802, "MiiModel", &MiiModel},
     {0x0100000000000803, "BrowserDll", nullptr},
     {0x0100000000000804, "Help", nullptr},
     {0x0100000000000805, "SharedFont", nullptr},

src/core/hardware_interrupt_manager.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// Copyright 2019 Yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/core_timing.h"
+#include "core/hardware_interrupt_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/interface.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/sm/sm.h"
+
+namespace Core::Hardware {
+
+InterruptManager::InterruptManager(Core::System& system_in) : system(system_in) {
+    gpu_interrupt_event =
+        system.CoreTiming().RegisterEvent("GPUInterrupt", [this](u64 message, s64) {
+            auto nvdrv = system.ServiceManager().GetService<Service::Nvidia::NVDRV>("nvdrv");
+            const u32 syncpt = static_cast<u32>(message >> 32);
+            const u32 value = static_cast<u32>(message);
+            nvdrv->SignalGPUInterruptSyncpt(syncpt, value);
+        });
+}
+
+InterruptManager::~InterruptManager() = default;
+
+void InterruptManager::GPUInterruptSyncpt(const u32 syncpoint_id, const u32 value) {
+    const u64 msg = (static_cast<u64>(syncpoint_id) << 32ULL) | value;
+    system.CoreTiming().ScheduleEvent(10, gpu_interrupt_event, msg);
+}
+
+} // namespace Core::Hardware

src/core/hardware_interrupt_manager.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright 2019 Yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Core {
+class System;
+}
+
+namespace Core::Timing {
+struct EventType;
+}
+
+namespace Core::Hardware {
+
+class InterruptManager {
+public:
+    explicit InterruptManager(Core::System& system);
+    ~InterruptManager();
+
+    void GPUInterruptSyncpt(u32 syncpoint_id, u32 value);
+
+private:
+    Core::System& system;
+    Core::Timing::EventType* gpu_interrupt_event{};
+};
+
+} // namespace Core::Hardware

src/core/hle/kernel/code_set.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/physical_memory.h"
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ struct CodeSet final {
     }
 
     /// The overall data that backs this code set.
-    std::vector<u8> memory;
+    Kernel::PhysicalMemory memory;
 
     /// The segments that comprise this code set.
     std::array<Segment, 3> segments;

src/core/hle/kernel/physical_memory.h

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/alignment.h"
+
+namespace Kernel {
+
+// This encapsulation serves 2 purposes:
+// - First, to encapsulate host physical memory under a single type and set an
+// standard for managing it.
+// - Second to ensure all host backing memory used is aligned to 256 bytes due
+// to strict alignment restrictions on GPU memory.
+
+using PhysicalMemory = std::vector<u8, Common::AlignmentAllocator<u8, 256>>;
+
+} // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/process.cpp

@@ -166,6 +166,8 @@ ResultCode Process::ClearSignalState() {
 }
 
 ResultCode Process::LoadFromMetadata(const FileSys::ProgramMetadata& metadata) {
+    program_metadata = std::make_unique<FileSys::ProgramMetadata>(metadata);
+
     program_id = metadata.GetTitleID();
     ideal_core = metadata.GetMainThreadCore();
     is_64bit_process = metadata.Is64BitProgram();
@@ -184,19 +186,11 @@ ResultCode Process::LoadFromMetadata(const FileSys::ProgramMetadata& metadata) {
 }
 
 void Process::Run(s32 main_thread_priority, u64 stack_size) {
-    // The kernel always ensures that the given stack size is page aligned.
-    main_thread_stack_size = Common::AlignUp(stack_size, Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
-
-    // Allocate and map the main thread stack
-    // TODO(bunnei): This is heap area that should be allocated by the kernel and not mapped as part
-    // of the user address space.
-    const VAddr mapping_address = vm_manager.GetTLSIORegionEndAddress() - main_thread_stack_size;
-    vm_manager
-        .MapMemoryBlock(mapping_address, std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(main_thread_stack_size),
-                        0, main_thread_stack_size, MemoryState::Stack)
-        .Unwrap();
+    AllocateMainThreadStack(stack_size);
+    tls_region_address = CreateTLSRegion();
 
     vm_manager.LogLayout();
+
     ChangeStatus(ProcessStatus::Running);
 
     SetupMainThread(*this, kernel, main_thread_priority);
@@ -226,6 +220,9 @@ void Process::PrepareForTermination() {
     stop_threads(system.Scheduler(2).GetThreadList());
     stop_threads(system.Scheduler(3).GetThreadList());
 
+    FreeTLSRegion(tls_region_address);
+    tls_region_address = 0;
+
     ChangeStatus(ProcessStatus::Exited);
 }
 
@@ -252,7 +249,7 @@ VAddr Process::CreateTLSRegion() {
         ASSERT(region_address.Succeeded());
 
         const auto map_result = vm_manager.MapMemoryBlock(
-            *region_address, std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE), 0,
+            *region_address, std::make_shared<PhysicalMemory>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE), 0,
             Memory::PAGE_SIZE, MemoryState::ThreadLocal);
         ASSERT(map_result.Succeeded());
 
@@ -282,7 +279,9 @@ void Process::FreeTLSRegion(VAddr tls_address) {
 }
 
 void Process::LoadModule(CodeSet module_, VAddr base_addr) {
-    const auto memory = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(std::move(module_.memory));
+    const auto memory = std::make_shared<PhysicalMemory>(std::move(module_.memory));
+
+    modules.insert_or_assign(base_addr, memory);
 
     const auto MapSegment = [&](const CodeSet::Segment& segment, VMAPermission permissions,
                                 MemoryState memory_state) {
@@ -325,4 +324,16 @@ void Process::ChangeStatus(ProcessStatus new_status) {
     WakeupAllWaitingThreads();
 }
 
+void Process::AllocateMainThreadStack(u64 stack_size) {
+    // The kernel always ensures that the given stack size is page aligned.
+    main_thread_stack_size = Common::AlignUp(stack_size, Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+
+    // Allocate and map the main thread stack
+    const VAddr mapping_address = vm_manager.GetTLSIORegionEndAddress() - main_thread_stack_size;
+    vm_manager
+        .MapMemoryBlock(mapping_address, std::make_shared<PhysicalMemory>(main_thread_stack_size),
+                        0, main_thread_stack_size, MemoryState::Stack)
+        .Unwrap();
+}
+
 } // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/process.h

@@ -135,6 +135,11 @@ public:
         return mutex;
     }
 
+    /// Gets the address to the process' dedicated TLS region.
+    VAddr GetTLSRegionAddress() const {
+        return tls_region_address;
+    }
+
     /// Gets the current status of the process
     ProcessStatus GetStatus() const {
         return status;
@@ -272,6 +277,14 @@ public:
 
     void LoadModule(CodeSet module_, VAddr base_addr);
 
+    const std::map<VAddr, std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>>>& GetModules() const {
+        return modules;
+    }
+
+    const FileSys::ProgramMetadata& GetProgramMetadata() const {
+        return *program_metadata;
+    }
+
     ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     // Thread-local storage management
 
@@ -296,6 +309,9 @@ private:
     /// a process signal.
     void ChangeStatus(ProcessStatus new_status);
 
+    /// Allocates the main thread stack for the process, given the stack size in bytes.
+    void AllocateMainThreadStack(u64 stack_size);
+
     /// Memory manager for this process.
     Kernel::VMManager vm_manager;
 
@@ -358,6 +374,9 @@ private:
     /// variable related facilities.
     Mutex mutex;
 
+    /// Address indicating the location of the process' dedicated TLS region.
+    VAddr tls_region_address = 0;
+
     /// Random values for svcGetInfo RandomEntropy
     std::array<u64, RANDOM_ENTROPY_SIZE> random_entropy{};
 
@@ -369,6 +388,12 @@ private:
 
     /// Name of this process
     std::string name;
+
+    /// List of loaded modules, keyed by base address
+    std::map<VAddr, std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>>> modules;
+
+    /// Program Metadata
+    std::unique_ptr<FileSys::ProgramMetadata> program_metadata;
 };
 
 } // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/shared_memory.cpp

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ SharedPtr<SharedMemory> SharedMemory::Create(KernelCore& kernel, Process* owner_
     shared_memory->other_permissions = other_permissions;
 
     if (address == 0) {
-        shared_memory->backing_block = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(size);
+        shared_memory->backing_block = std::make_shared<Kernel::PhysicalMemory>(size);
         shared_memory->backing_block_offset = 0;
 
         // Refresh the address mappings for the current process.
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ SharedPtr<SharedMemory> SharedMemory::Create(KernelCore& kernel, Process* owner_
 }
 
 SharedPtr<SharedMemory> SharedMemory::CreateForApplet(
-    KernelCore& kernel, std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>> heap_block, std::size_t offset, u64 size,
-    MemoryPermission permissions, MemoryPermission other_permissions, std::string name) {
+    KernelCore& kernel, std::shared_ptr<Kernel::PhysicalMemory> heap_block, std::size_t offset,
+    u64 size, MemoryPermission permissions, MemoryPermission other_permissions, std::string name) {
     SharedPtr<SharedMemory> shared_memory(new SharedMemory(kernel));
 
     shared_memory->owner_process = nullptr;

src/core/hle/kernel/shared_memory.h

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/object.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/physical_memory.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/process.h"
 #include "core/hle/result.h"
 
@@ -62,12 +63,10 @@ public:
      * block.
      * @param name Optional object name, used for debugging purposes.
      */
-    static SharedPtr<SharedMemory> CreateForApplet(KernelCore& kernel,
-                                                   std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>> heap_block,
-                                                   std::size_t offset, u64 size,
-                                                   MemoryPermission permissions,
-                                                   MemoryPermission other_permissions,
-                                                   std::string name = "Unknown Applet");
+    static SharedPtr<SharedMemory> CreateForApplet(
+        KernelCore& kernel, std::shared_ptr<Kernel::PhysicalMemory> heap_block, std::size_t offset,
+        u64 size, MemoryPermission permissions, MemoryPermission other_permissions,
+        std::string name = "Unknown Applet");
 
     std::string GetTypeName() const override {
         return "SharedMemory";
@@ -135,7 +134,7 @@ private:
     ~SharedMemory() override;
 
     /// Backing memory for this shared memory block.
-    std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>> backing_block;
+    std::shared_ptr<PhysicalMemory> backing_block;
     /// Offset into the backing block for this shared memory.
     std::size_t backing_block_offset = 0;
     /// Size of the memory block. Page-aligned.

src/core/hle/kernel/svc.cpp

@@ -843,9 +843,7 @@ static ResultCode GetInfo(Core::System& system, u64* result, u64 info_id, u64 ha
             return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 
         case GetInfoType::UserExceptionContextAddr:
-            LOG_WARNING(Kernel_SVC,
-                        "(STUBBED) Attempted to query user exception context address, returned 0");
-            *result = 0;
+            *result = process->GetTLSRegionAddress();
             return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 
         case GetInfoType::TotalPhysicalMemoryAvailableWithoutSystemResource:
@@ -1739,8 +1737,8 @@ static ResultCode SignalProcessWideKey(Core::System& system, VAddr condition_var
 // Wait for an address (via Address Arbiter)
 static ResultCode WaitForAddress(Core::System& system, VAddr address, u32 type, s32 value,
                                  s64 timeout) {
-    LOG_WARNING(Kernel_SVC, "called, address=0x{:X}, type=0x{:X}, value=0x{:X}, timeout={}",
-                address, type, value, timeout);
+    LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called, address=0x{:X}, type=0x{:X}, value=0x{:X}, timeout={}", address,
+              type, value, timeout);
 
     // If the passed address is a kernel virtual address, return invalid memory state.
     if (Memory::IsKernelVirtualAddress(address)) {
@@ -1762,8 +1760,8 @@ static ResultCode WaitForAddress(Core::System& system, VAddr address, u32 type,
 // Signals to an address (via Address Arbiter)
 static ResultCode SignalToAddress(Core::System& system, VAddr address, u32 type, s32 value,
                                   s32 num_to_wake) {
-    LOG_WARNING(Kernel_SVC, "called, address=0x{:X}, type=0x{:X}, value=0x{:X}, num_to_wake=0x{:X}",
-                address, type, value, num_to_wake);
+    LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called, address=0x{:X}, type=0x{:X}, value=0x{:X}, num_to_wake=0x{:X}",
+              address, type, value, num_to_wake);
 
     // If the passed address is a kernel virtual address, return invalid memory state.
     if (Memory::IsKernelVirtualAddress(address)) {

src/core/hle/kernel/transfer_memory.cpp

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ ResultCode TransferMemory::MapMemory(VAddr address, u64 size, MemoryPermission p
         return ERR_INVALID_STATE;
     }
 
-    backing_block = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(size);
+    backing_block = std::make_shared<PhysicalMemory>(size);
 
     const auto map_state = owner_permissions == MemoryPermission::None
                                ? MemoryState::TransferMemoryIsolated

src/core/hle/kernel/transfer_memory.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "core/hle/kernel/object.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/physical_memory.h"
 
 union ResultCode;
 
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ private:
     ~TransferMemory() override;
 
     /// Memory block backing this instance.
-    std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>> backing_block;
+    std::shared_ptr<PhysicalMemory> backing_block;
 
     /// The base address for the memory managed by this instance.
     VAddr base_address = 0;

src/core/hle/kernel/vm_manager.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <iterator>
 #include <utility>
+#include "common/alignment.h"
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/memory_hook.h"
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ bool VMManager::IsValidHandle(VMAHandle handle) const {
 }
 
 ResultVal<VMManager::VMAHandle> VMManager::MapMemoryBlock(VAddr target,
-                                                          std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>> block,
+                                                          std::shared_ptr<PhysicalMemory> block,
                                                           std::size_t offset, u64 size,
                                                           MemoryState state, VMAPermission perm) {
     ASSERT(block != nullptr);
@@ -260,7 +261,7 @@ ResultVal<VAddr> VMManager::SetHeapSize(u64 size) {
 
     if (heap_memory == nullptr) {
         // Initialize heap
-        heap_memory = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(size);
+        heap_memory = std::make_shared<PhysicalMemory>(size);
         heap_end = heap_region_base + size;
     } else {
         UnmapRange(heap_region_base, GetCurrentHeapSize());
@@ -295,12 +296,6 @@ ResultVal<VAddr> VMManager::SetHeapSize(u64 size) {
 }
 
 ResultCode VMManager::MapPhysicalMemory(VAddr target, u64 size) {
-    const auto end_addr = target + size;
-    const auto last_addr = end_addr - 1;
-    VAddr cur_addr = target;
-
-    ResultCode result = RESULT_SUCCESS;
-
     // Check how much memory we've already mapped.
     const auto mapped_size_result = SizeOfAllocatedVMAsInRange(target, size);
     if (mapped_size_result.Failed()) {
@@ -323,13 +318,16 @@ ResultCode VMManager::MapPhysicalMemory(VAddr target, u64 size) {
 
     // Keep track of the memory regions we unmap.
     std::vector<std::pair<u64, u64>> mapped_regions;
+    ResultCode result = RESULT_SUCCESS;
 
     // Iterate, trying to map memory.
     {
-        cur_addr = target;
+        const auto end_addr = target + size;
+        const auto last_addr = end_addr - 1;
+        VAddr cur_addr = target;
 
         auto iter = FindVMA(target);
-        ASSERT_MSG(iter != vma_map.end(), "MapPhysicalMemory iter != end");
+        ASSERT(iter != vma_map.end());
 
         while (true) {
             const auto& vma = iter->second;
@@ -341,7 +339,7 @@ ResultCode VMManager::MapPhysicalMemory(VAddr target, u64 size) {
             const auto map_size = std::min(end_addr - cur_addr, vma_end - cur_addr);
             if (vma.state == MemoryState::Unmapped) {
                 const auto map_res =
-                    MapMemoryBlock(cur_addr, std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(map_size, 0), 0,
+                    MapMemoryBlock(cur_addr, std::make_shared<PhysicalMemory>(map_size), 0,
                                    map_size, MemoryState::Heap, VMAPermission::ReadWrite);
                 result = map_res.Code();
                 if (result.IsError()) {
@@ -359,7 +357,7 @@ ResultCode VMManager::MapPhysicalMemory(VAddr target, u64 size) {
             // Advance to the next block.
             cur_addr = vma_end;
             iter = FindVMA(cur_addr);
-            ASSERT_MSG(iter != vma_map.end(), "MapPhysicalMemory iter != end");
+            ASSERT(iter != vma_map.end());
         }
     }
 
@@ -367,7 +365,7 @@ ResultCode VMManager::MapPhysicalMemory(VAddr target, u64 size) {
     if (result.IsError()) {
         for (const auto [unmap_address, unmap_size] : mapped_regions) {
             ASSERT_MSG(UnmapRange(unmap_address, unmap_size).IsSuccess(),
-                       "MapPhysicalMemory un-map on error");
+                       "Failed to unmap memory range.");
         }
 
         return result;
@@ -380,12 +378,6 @@ ResultCode VMManager::MapPhysicalMemory(VAddr target, u64 size) {
 }
 
 ResultCode VMManager::UnmapPhysicalMemory(VAddr target, u64 size) {
-    const auto end_addr = target + size;
-    const auto last_addr = end_addr - 1;
-    VAddr cur_addr = target;
-
-    ResultCode result = RESULT_SUCCESS;
-
     // Check how much memory is currently mapped.
     const auto mapped_size_result = SizeOfUnmappablePhysicalMemoryInRange(target, size);
     if (mapped_size_result.Failed()) {
@@ -400,13 +392,16 @@ ResultCode VMManager::UnmapPhysicalMemory(VAddr target, u64 size) {
 
     // Keep track of the memory regions we unmap.
     std::vector<std::pair<u64, u64>> unmapped_regions;
+    ResultCode result = RESULT_SUCCESS;
 
     // Try to unmap regions.
     {
-        cur_addr = target;
+        const auto end_addr = target + size;
+        const auto last_addr = end_addr - 1;
+        VAddr cur_addr = target;
 
         auto iter = FindVMA(target);
-        ASSERT_MSG(iter != vma_map.end(), "UnmapPhysicalMemory iter != end");
+        ASSERT(iter != vma_map.end());
 
         while (true) {
             const auto& vma = iter->second;
@@ -433,7 +428,7 @@ ResultCode VMManager::UnmapPhysicalMemory(VAddr target, u64 size) {
             // Advance to the next block.
             cur_addr = vma_end;
             iter = FindVMA(cur_addr);
-            ASSERT_MSG(iter != vma_map.end(), "UnmapPhysicalMemory iter != end");
+            ASSERT(iter != vma_map.end());
         }
     }
 
@@ -442,10 +437,12 @@ ResultCode VMManager::UnmapPhysicalMemory(VAddr target, u64 size) {
     if (result.IsError()) {
         for (const auto [map_address, map_size] : unmapped_regions) {
             const auto remap_res =
-                MapMemoryBlock(map_address, std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(map_size, 0), 0,
-                               map_size, MemoryState::Heap, VMAPermission::None);
-            ASSERT_MSG(remap_res.Succeeded(), "UnmapPhysicalMemory re-map on error");
+                MapMemoryBlock(map_address, std::make_shared<PhysicalMemory>(map_size), 0, map_size,
+                               MemoryState::Heap, VMAPermission::None);
+            ASSERT_MSG(remap_res.Succeeded(), "Failed to remap a memory block.");
         }
+
+        return result;
     }
 
     // Update mapped amount
@@ -593,7 +590,7 @@ ResultCode VMManager::MirrorMemory(VAddr dst_addr, VAddr src_addr, u64 size, Mem
     ASSERT_MSG(vma_offset + size <= vma->second.size,
                "Shared memory exceeds bounds of mapped block");
 
-    const std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>>& backing_block = vma->second.backing_block;
+    const std::shared_ptr<PhysicalMemory>& backing_block = vma->second.backing_block;
     const std::size_t backing_block_offset = vma->second.offset + vma_offset;
 
     CASCADE_RESULT(auto new_vma,
@@ -606,7 +603,7 @@ ResultCode VMManager::MirrorMemory(VAddr dst_addr, VAddr src_addr, u64 size, Mem
     return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-void VMManager::RefreshMemoryBlockMappings(const std::vector<u8>* block) {
+void VMManager::RefreshMemoryBlockMappings(const PhysicalMemory* block) {
     // If this ever proves to have a noticeable performance impact, allow users of the function to
     // specify a specific range of addresses to limit the scan to.
     for (const auto& p : vma_map) {
@@ -756,20 +753,26 @@ void VMManager::MergeAdjacentVMA(VirtualMemoryArea& left, const VirtualMemoryAre
     // Always merge allocated memory blocks, even when they don't share the same backing block.
     if (left.type == VMAType::AllocatedMemoryBlock &&
         (left.backing_block != right.backing_block || left.offset + left.size != right.offset)) {
+        const auto right_begin = right.backing_block->begin() + right.offset;
+        const auto right_end = right_begin + right.size;
+
         // Check if we can save work.
         if (left.offset == 0 && left.size == left.backing_block->size()) {
             // Fast case: left is an entire backing block.
-            left.backing_block->insert(left.backing_block->end(),
-                                       right.backing_block->begin() + right.offset,
-                                       right.backing_block->begin() + right.offset + right.size);
+            left.backing_block->insert(left.backing_block->end(), right_begin, right_end);
         } else {
             // Slow case: make a new memory block for left and right.
-            auto new_memory = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>();
-            new_memory->insert(new_memory->end(), left.backing_block->begin() + left.offset,
-                               left.backing_block->begin() + left.offset + left.size);
-            new_memory->insert(new_memory->end(), right.backing_block->begin() + right.offset,
-                               right.backing_block->begin() + right.offset + right.size);
-            left.backing_block = new_memory;
+            const auto left_begin = left.backing_block->begin() + left.offset;
+            const auto left_end = left_begin + left.size;
+            const auto left_size = static_cast<std::size_t>(std::distance(left_begin, left_end));
+            const auto right_size = static_cast<std::size_t>(std::distance(right_begin, right_end));
+
+            auto new_memory = std::make_shared<PhysicalMemory>();
+            new_memory->reserve(left_size + right_size);
+            new_memory->insert(new_memory->end(), left_begin, left_end);
+            new_memory->insert(new_memory->end(), right_begin, right_end);
+
+            left.backing_block = std::move(new_memory);
             left.offset = 0;
         }
 
@@ -964,7 +967,7 @@ ResultVal<std::size_t> VMManager::SizeOfAllocatedVMAsInRange(VAddr address,
 
     VAddr cur_addr = address;
     auto iter = FindVMA(cur_addr);
-    ASSERT_MSG(iter != vma_map.end(), "SizeOfAllocatedVMAsInRange iter != end");
+    ASSERT(iter != vma_map.end());
 
     while (true) {
         const auto& vma = iter->second;
@@ -985,7 +988,7 @@ ResultVal<std::size_t> VMManager::SizeOfAllocatedVMAsInRange(VAddr address,
         // Advance to the next block.
         cur_addr = vma_end;
         iter = std::next(iter);
-        ASSERT_MSG(iter != vma_map.end(), "SizeOfAllocatedVMAsInRange iter != end");
+        ASSERT(iter != vma_map.end());
     }
 
     return MakeResult(mapped_size);
@@ -999,7 +1002,7 @@ ResultVal<std::size_t> VMManager::SizeOfUnmappablePhysicalMemoryInRange(VAddr ad
 
     VAddr cur_addr = address;
     auto iter = FindVMA(cur_addr);
-    ASSERT_MSG(iter != vma_map.end(), "SizeOfUnmappablePhysicalMemoryInRange iter != end");
+    ASSERT(iter != vma_map.end());
 
     while (true) {
         const auto& vma = iter->second;
@@ -1028,7 +1031,7 @@ ResultVal<std::size_t> VMManager::SizeOfUnmappablePhysicalMemoryInRange(VAddr ad
         // Advance to the next block.
         cur_addr = vma_end;
         iter = std::next(iter);
-        ASSERT_MSG(iter != vma_map.end(), "SizeOfUnmappablePhysicalMemoryInRange iter != end");
+        ASSERT(iter != vma_map.end());
     }
 
     return MakeResult(mapped_size);

src/core/hle/kernel/vm_manager.h

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/memory_hook.h"
 #include "common/page_table.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/physical_memory.h"
 #include "core/hle/result.h"
 #include "core/memory.h"
 
@@ -290,7 +291,7 @@ struct VirtualMemoryArea {
 
     // Settings for type = AllocatedMemoryBlock
     /// Memory block backing this VMA.
-    std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>> backing_block = nullptr;
+    std::shared_ptr<PhysicalMemory> backing_block = nullptr;
     /// Offset into the backing_memory the mapping starts from.
     std::size_t offset = 0;
 
@@ -348,7 +349,7 @@ public:
      * @param size Size of the mapping.
      * @param state MemoryState tag to attach to the VMA.
      */
-    ResultVal<VMAHandle> MapMemoryBlock(VAddr target, std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>> block,
+    ResultVal<VMAHandle> MapMemoryBlock(VAddr target, std::shared_ptr<PhysicalMemory> block,
                                         std::size_t offset, u64 size, MemoryState state,
                                         VMAPermission perm = VMAPermission::ReadWrite);
 
@@ -453,8 +454,8 @@ public:
 
     /// Maps memory at a given address.
     ///
-    /// @param addr The virtual address to map memory at.
-    /// @param size The amount of memory to map.
+    /// @param target The virtual address to map memory at.
+    /// @param size   The amount of memory to map.
     ///
     /// @note The destination address must lie within the Map region.
     ///
@@ -467,8 +468,8 @@ public:
 
     /// Unmaps memory at a given address.
     ///
-    /// @param addr The virtual address to unmap memory at.
-    /// @param size The amount of memory to unmap.
+    /// @param target The virtual address to unmap memory at.
+    /// @param size   The amount of memory to unmap.
     ///
     /// @note The destination address must lie within the Map region.
     ///
@@ -547,7 +548,7 @@ public:
      * Scans all VMAs and updates the page table range of any that use the given vector as backing
      * memory. This should be called after any operation that causes reallocation of the vector.
      */
-    void RefreshMemoryBlockMappings(const std::vector<u8>* block);
+    void RefreshMemoryBlockMappings(const PhysicalMemory* block);
 
     /// Dumps the address space layout to the log, for debugging
     void LogLayout() const;
@@ -777,7 +778,7 @@ private:
     // the entire virtual address space extents that bound the allocations, including any holes.
     // This makes deallocation and reallocation of holes fast and keeps process memory contiguous
     // in the emulator address space, allowing Memory::GetPointer to be reasonably safe.
-    std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>> heap_memory;
+    std::shared_ptr<PhysicalMemory> heap_memory;
 
     // The end of the currently allocated heap. This is not an inclusive
     // end of the range. This is essentially 'base_address + current_size'.

src/core/hle/service/acc/acc.cpp

@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@
 
 namespace Service::Account {
 
+constexpr ResultCode ERR_INVALID_BUFFER_SIZE{ErrorModule::Account, 30};
+constexpr ResultCode ERR_FAILED_SAVE_DATA{ErrorModule::Account, 100};
+
 static std::string GetImagePath(Common::UUID uuid) {
     return FileUtil::GetUserPath(FileUtil::UserPath::NANDDir) +
            "/system/save/8000000000000010/su/avators/" + uuid.FormatSwitch() + ".jpg";
@@ -41,20 +44,31 @@ static constexpr u32 SanitizeJPEGSize(std::size_t size) {
     return static_cast<u32>(std::min(size, max_jpeg_image_size));
 }
 
-class IProfile final : public ServiceFramework<IProfile> {
+class IProfileCommon : public ServiceFramework<IProfileCommon> {
 public:
-    explicit IProfile(Common::UUID user_id, ProfileManager& profile_manager)
-        : ServiceFramework("IProfile"), profile_manager(profile_manager), user_id(user_id) {
+    explicit IProfileCommon(const char* name, bool editor_commands, Common::UUID user_id,
+                            ProfileManager& profile_manager)
+        : ServiceFramework(name), profile_manager(profile_manager), user_id(user_id) {
         static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-            {0, &IProfile::Get, "Get"},
-            {1, &IProfile::GetBase, "GetBase"},
-            {10, &IProfile::GetImageSize, "GetImageSize"},
-            {11, &IProfile::LoadImage, "LoadImage"},
+            {0, &IProfileCommon::Get, "Get"},
+            {1, &IProfileCommon::GetBase, "GetBase"},
+            {10, &IProfileCommon::GetImageSize, "GetImageSize"},
+            {11, &IProfileCommon::LoadImage, "LoadImage"},
         };
+
         RegisterHandlers(functions);
+
+        if (editor_commands) {
+            static const FunctionInfo editor_functions[] = {
+                {100, &IProfileCommon::Store, "Store"},
+                {101, &IProfileCommon::StoreWithImage, "StoreWithImage"},
+            };
+
+            RegisterHandlers(editor_functions);
+        }
     }
 
-private:
+protected:
     void Get(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
         LOG_INFO(Service_ACC, "called user_id={}", user_id.Format());
         ProfileBase profile_base{};
@@ -127,10 +141,91 @@ private:
         }
     }
 
-    const ProfileManager& profile_manager;
+    void Store(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+        const auto base = rp.PopRaw<ProfileBase>();
+
+        const auto user_data = ctx.ReadBuffer();
+
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_ACC, "called, username='{}', timestamp={:016X}, uuid={}",
+                  Common::StringFromFixedZeroTerminatedBuffer(
+                      reinterpret_cast<const char*>(base.username.data()), base.username.size()),
+                  base.timestamp, base.user_uuid.Format());
+
+        if (user_data.size() < sizeof(ProfileData)) {
+            LOG_ERROR(Service_ACC, "ProfileData buffer too small!");
+            IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+            rb.Push(ERR_INVALID_BUFFER_SIZE);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        ProfileData data;
+        std::memcpy(&data, user_data.data(), sizeof(ProfileData));
+
+        if (!profile_manager.SetProfileBaseAndData(user_id, base, data)) {
+            LOG_ERROR(Service_ACC, "Failed to update profile data and base!");
+            IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+            rb.Push(ERR_FAILED_SAVE_DATA);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    void StoreWithImage(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+        const auto base = rp.PopRaw<ProfileBase>();
+
+        const auto user_data = ctx.ReadBuffer();
+        const auto image_data = ctx.ReadBuffer(1);
+
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_ACC, "called, username='{}', timestamp={:016X}, uuid={}",
+                  Common::StringFromFixedZeroTerminatedBuffer(
+                      reinterpret_cast<const char*>(base.username.data()), base.username.size()),
+                  base.timestamp, base.user_uuid.Format());
+
+        if (user_data.size() < sizeof(ProfileData)) {
+            LOG_ERROR(Service_ACC, "ProfileData buffer too small!");
+            IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+            rb.Push(ERR_INVALID_BUFFER_SIZE);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        ProfileData data;
+        std::memcpy(&data, user_data.data(), sizeof(ProfileData));
+
+        FileUtil::IOFile image(GetImagePath(user_id), "wb");
+
+        if (!image.IsOpen() || !image.Resize(image_data.size()) ||
+            image.WriteBytes(image_data.data(), image_data.size()) != image_data.size() ||
+            !profile_manager.SetProfileBaseAndData(user_id, base, data)) {
+            LOG_ERROR(Service_ACC, "Failed to update profile data, base, and image!");
+            IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+            rb.Push(ERR_FAILED_SAVE_DATA);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    ProfileManager& profile_manager;
     Common::UUID user_id; ///< The user id this profile refers to.
 };
 
+class IProfile final : public IProfileCommon {
+public:
+    IProfile(Common::UUID user_id, ProfileManager& profile_manager)
+        : IProfileCommon("IProfile", false, user_id, profile_manager) {}
+};
+
+class IProfileEditor final : public IProfileCommon {
+public:
+    IProfileEditor(Common::UUID user_id, ProfileManager& profile_manager)
+        : IProfileCommon("IProfileEditor", true, user_id, profile_manager) {}
+};
+
 class IManagerForApplication final : public ServiceFramework<IManagerForApplication> {
 public:
     IManagerForApplication() : ServiceFramework("IManagerForApplication") {
@@ -322,6 +417,17 @@ void Module::Interface::IsUserAccountSwitchLocked(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx
     rb.Push(is_locked);
 }
 
+void Module::Interface::GetProfileEditor(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    Common::UUID user_id = rp.PopRaw<Common::UUID>();
+
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_ACC, "called, user_id={}", user_id.Format());
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
+    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    rb.PushIpcInterface<IProfileEditor>(user_id, *profile_manager);
+}
+
 void Module::Interface::TrySelectUserWithoutInteraction(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_ACC, "called");
     // A u8 is passed into this function which we can safely ignore. It's to determine if we have

src/core/hle/service/acc/acc.h

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ public:
         void IsUserRegistrationRequestPermitted(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
         void TrySelectUserWithoutInteraction(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
         void IsUserAccountSwitchLocked(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void GetProfileEditor(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
 
     private:
         ResultCode InitializeApplicationInfoBase(u64 process_id);

src/core/hle/service/acc/acc_su.cpp

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ ACC_SU::ACC_SU(std::shared_ptr<Module> module, std::shared_ptr<ProfileManager> p
         {202, nullptr, "CancelUserRegistration"},
         {203, nullptr, "DeleteUser"},
         {204, nullptr, "SetUserPosition"},
-        {205, nullptr, "GetProfileEditor"},
+        {205, &ACC_SU::GetProfileEditor, "GetProfileEditor"},
         {206, nullptr, "CompleteUserRegistrationForcibly"},
         {210, nullptr, "CreateFloatingRegistrationRequest"},
         {230, nullptr, "AuthenticateServiceAsync"},

src/core/hle/service/acc/profile_manager.cpp

@@ -305,6 +305,17 @@ bool ProfileManager::SetProfileBase(UUID uuid, const ProfileBase& profile_new) {
     return true;
 }
 
+bool ProfileManager::SetProfileBaseAndData(Common::UUID uuid, const ProfileBase& profile_new,
+                                           const ProfileData& data_new) {
+    const auto index = GetUserIndex(uuid);
+    if (index.has_value() && SetProfileBase(uuid, profile_new)) {
+        profiles[*index].data = data_new;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
 void ProfileManager::ParseUserSaveFile() {
     FileUtil::IOFile save(FileUtil::GetUserPath(FileUtil::UserPath::NANDDir) +
                               ACC_SAVE_AVATORS_BASE_PATH + "profiles.dat",

src/core/hle/service/acc/profile_manager.h

@@ -91,6 +91,8 @@ public:
 
     bool RemoveUser(Common::UUID uuid);
     bool SetProfileBase(Common::UUID uuid, const ProfileBase& profile_new);
+    bool SetProfileBaseAndData(Common::UUID uuid, const ProfileBase& profile_new,
+                               const ProfileData& data_new);
 
 private:
     void ParseUserSaveFile();

src/core/hle/service/am/am.cpp

@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ struct LaunchParameters {
 };
 static_assert(sizeof(LaunchParameters) == 0x88);
 
-IWindowController::IWindowController() : ServiceFramework("IWindowController") {
+IWindowController::IWindowController(Core::System& system_)
+    : ServiceFramework("IWindowController"), system{system_} {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {0, nullptr, "CreateWindow"},
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ IWindowController::IWindowController() : ServiceFramework("IWindowController") {
 IWindowController::~IWindowController() = default;
 
 void IWindowController::GetAppletResourceUserId(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    const u64 process_id = Core::System::GetInstance().Kernel().CurrentProcess()->GetProcessID();
+    const u64 process_id = system.CurrentProcess()->GetProcessID();
 
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called. Process ID=0x{:016X}", process_id);
 
@@ -231,8 +232,9 @@ IDebugFunctions::IDebugFunctions() : ServiceFramework{"IDebugFunctions"} {
 
 IDebugFunctions::~IDebugFunctions() = default;
 
-ISelfController::ISelfController(std::shared_ptr<NVFlinger::NVFlinger> nvflinger)
-    : ServiceFramework("ISelfController"), nvflinger(std::move(nvflinger)) {
+ISelfController::ISelfController(Core::System& system_,
+                                 std::shared_ptr<NVFlinger::NVFlinger> nvflinger_)
+    : ServiceFramework("ISelfController"), nvflinger(std::move(nvflinger_)) {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {0, nullptr, "Exit"},
@@ -280,7 +282,7 @@ ISelfController::ISelfController(std::shared_ptr<NVFlinger::NVFlinger> nvflinger
 
     RegisterHandlers(functions);
 
-    auto& kernel = Core::System::GetInstance().Kernel();
+    auto& kernel = system_.Kernel();
     launchable_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual,
                                                               "ISelfController:LaunchableEvent");
 
@@ -501,8 +503,7 @@ void ISelfController::GetAccumulatedSuspendedTickChangedEvent(Kernel::HLERequest
     rb.PushCopyObjects(accumulated_suspended_tick_changed_event.readable);
 }
 
-AppletMessageQueue::AppletMessageQueue() {
-    auto& kernel = Core::System::GetInstance().Kernel();
+AppletMessageQueue::AppletMessageQueue(Kernel::KernelCore& kernel) {
     on_new_message = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual,
                                                             "AMMessageQueue:OnMessageRecieved");
     on_operation_mode_changed = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
@@ -937,9 +938,8 @@ void IStorageAccessor::Read(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
-ILibraryAppletCreator::ILibraryAppletCreator(u64 current_process_title_id)
-    : ServiceFramework("ILibraryAppletCreator"),
-      current_process_title_id(current_process_title_id) {
+ILibraryAppletCreator::ILibraryAppletCreator(Core::System& system_)
+    : ServiceFramework("ILibraryAppletCreator"), system{system_} {
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {0, &ILibraryAppletCreator::CreateLibraryApplet, "CreateLibraryApplet"},
         {1, nullptr, "TerminateAllLibraryApplets"},
@@ -961,8 +961,8 @@ void ILibraryAppletCreator::CreateLibraryApplet(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx)
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called with applet_id={:08X}, applet_mode={:08X}",
               static_cast<u32>(applet_id), applet_mode);
 
-    const auto& applet_manager{Core::System::GetInstance().GetAppletManager()};
-    const auto applet = applet_manager.GetApplet(applet_id, current_process_title_id);
+    const auto& applet_manager{system.GetAppletManager()};
+    const auto applet = applet_manager.GetApplet(applet_id);
 
     if (applet == nullptr) {
         LOG_ERROR(Service_AM, "Applet doesn't exist! applet_id={}", static_cast<u32>(applet_id));
@@ -999,8 +999,7 @@ void ILibraryAppletCreator::CreateTransferMemoryStorage(Kernel::HLERequestContex
     const auto handle{rp.Pop<Kernel::Handle>()};
 
     const auto transfer_mem =
-        Core::System::GetInstance().CurrentProcess()->GetHandleTable().Get<Kernel::TransferMemory>(
-            handle);
+        system.CurrentProcess()->GetHandleTable().Get<Kernel::TransferMemory>(handle);
 
     if (transfer_mem == nullptr) {
         LOG_ERROR(Service_AM, "shared_mem is a nullpr for handle={:08X}", handle);
@@ -1018,7 +1017,8 @@ void ILibraryAppletCreator::CreateTransferMemoryStorage(Kernel::HLERequestContex
     rb.PushIpcInterface(std::make_shared<IStorage>(std::move(memory)));
 }
 
-IApplicationFunctions::IApplicationFunctions() : ServiceFramework("IApplicationFunctions") {
+IApplicationFunctions::IApplicationFunctions(Core::System& system_)
+    : ServiceFramework("IApplicationFunctions"), system{system_} {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {1, &IApplicationFunctions::PopLaunchParameter, "PopLaunchParameter"},
@@ -1057,6 +1057,7 @@ IApplicationFunctions::IApplicationFunctions() : ServiceFramework("IApplicationF
         {120, nullptr, "ExecuteProgram"},
         {121, nullptr, "ClearUserChannel"},
         {122, nullptr, "UnpopToUserChannel"},
+        {130, &IApplicationFunctions::GetGpuErrorDetectedSystemEvent, "GetGpuErrorDetectedSystemEvent"},
         {500, nullptr, "StartContinuousRecordingFlushForDebug"},
         {1000, nullptr, "CreateMovieMaker"},
         {1001, nullptr, "PrepareForJit"},
@@ -1064,6 +1065,10 @@ IApplicationFunctions::IApplicationFunctions() : ServiceFramework("IApplicationF
     // clang-format on
 
     RegisterHandlers(functions);
+
+    auto& kernel = Core::System::GetInstance().Kernel();
+    gpu_error_detected_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
+        kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual, "IApplicationFunctions:GpuErrorDetectedSystemEvent");
 }
 
 IApplicationFunctions::~IApplicationFunctions() = default;
@@ -1138,13 +1143,21 @@ void IApplicationFunctions::CreateApplicationAndRequestToStartForQuest(
 
 void IApplicationFunctions::EnsureSaveData(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    u128 uid = rp.PopRaw<u128>(); // What does this do?
-    LOG_WARNING(Service, "(STUBBED) called uid = {:016X}{:016X}", uid[1], uid[0]);
+    u128 user_id = rp.PopRaw<u128>();
+
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called, uid={:016X}{:016X}", user_id[1], user_id[0]);
+
+    FileSys::SaveDataDescriptor descriptor{};
+    descriptor.title_id = Core::CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID();
+    descriptor.user_id = user_id;
+    descriptor.type = FileSys::SaveDataType::SaveData;
+    const auto res = system.GetFileSystemController().CreateSaveData(
+        FileSys::SaveDataSpaceId::NandUser, descriptor);
 
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 4};
-    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    rb.Push(res.Code());
     rb.Push<u64>(0);
-} // namespace Service::AM
+}
 
 void IApplicationFunctions::SetTerminateResult(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     // Takes an input u32 Result, no output.
@@ -1175,7 +1188,7 @@ void IApplicationFunctions::GetDesiredLanguage(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     // Get supported languages from NACP, if possible
     // Default to 0 (all languages supported)
     u32 supported_languages = 0;
-    FileSys::PatchManager pm{Core::System::GetInstance().CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID()};
+    FileSys::PatchManager pm{system.CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID()};
 
     const auto res = pm.GetControlMetadata();
     if (res.first != nullptr) {
@@ -1183,8 +1196,8 @@ void IApplicationFunctions::GetDesiredLanguage(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     }
 
     // Call IApplicationManagerInterface implementation.
-    auto& service_manager = Core::System::GetInstance().ServiceManager();
-    auto ns_am2 = service_manager.GetService<Service::NS::NS>("ns:am2");
+    auto& service_manager = system.ServiceManager();
+    auto ns_am2 = service_manager.GetService<NS::NS>("ns:am2");
     auto app_man = ns_am2->GetApplicationManagerInterface();
 
     // Get desired application language
@@ -1256,8 +1269,8 @@ void IApplicationFunctions::ExtendSaveData(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
               "new_journal={:016X}",
               static_cast<u8>(type), user_id[1], user_id[0], new_normal_size, new_journal_size);
 
-    FileSystem::WriteSaveDataSize(type, Core::CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID(), user_id,
-                                  {new_normal_size, new_journal_size});
+    system.GetFileSystemController().WriteSaveDataSize(
+        type, system.CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID(), user_id, {new_normal_size, new_journal_size});
 
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 4};
     rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
@@ -1276,8 +1289,8 @@ void IApplicationFunctions::GetSaveDataSize(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called with type={:02X}, user_id={:016X}{:016X}", static_cast<u8>(type),
               user_id[1], user_id[0]);
 
-    const auto size =
-        FileSystem::ReadSaveDataSize(type, Core::CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID(), user_id);
+    const auto size = system.GetFileSystemController().ReadSaveDataSize(
+        type, system.CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID(), user_id);
 
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 6};
     rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
@@ -1285,11 +1298,19 @@ void IApplicationFunctions::GetSaveDataSize(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     rb.Push(size.journal);
 }
 
+void IApplicationFunctions::GetGpuErrorDetectedSystemEvent(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 1};
+    rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
+    rb.PushCopyObjects(gpu_error_detected_event.readable);
+}
+
 void InstallInterfaces(SM::ServiceManager& service_manager,
                        std::shared_ptr<NVFlinger::NVFlinger> nvflinger, Core::System& system) {
-    auto message_queue = std::make_shared<AppletMessageQueue>();
-    message_queue->PushMessage(AppletMessageQueue::AppletMessage::FocusStateChanged); // Needed on
-                                                                                      // game boot
+    auto message_queue = std::make_shared<AppletMessageQueue>(system.Kernel());
+    // Needed on game boot
+    message_queue->PushMessage(AppletMessageQueue::AppletMessage::FocusStateChanged);
 
     std::make_shared<AppletAE>(nvflinger, message_queue, system)->InstallAsService(service_manager);
     std::make_shared<AppletOE>(nvflinger, message_queue, system)->InstallAsService(service_manager);

src/core/hle/service/am/am.h

@@ -10,12 +10,15 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/writable_event.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
 
-namespace Service {
-namespace NVFlinger {
+namespace Kernel {
+class KernelCore;
+}
+
+namespace Service::NVFlinger {
 class NVFlinger;
 }
 
-namespace AM {
+namespace Service::AM {
 
 enum SystemLanguage {
     Japanese = 0,
@@ -47,7 +50,7 @@ public:
         PerformanceModeChanged = 31,
     };
 
-    AppletMessageQueue();
+    explicit AppletMessageQueue(Kernel::KernelCore& kernel);
     ~AppletMessageQueue();
 
     const Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::ReadableEvent>& GetMesssageRecieveEvent() const;
@@ -65,12 +68,14 @@ private:
 
 class IWindowController final : public ServiceFramework<IWindowController> {
 public:
-    IWindowController();
+    explicit IWindowController(Core::System& system_);
     ~IWindowController() override;
 
 private:
     void GetAppletResourceUserId(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void AcquireForegroundRights(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+
+    Core::System& system;
 };
 
 class IAudioController final : public ServiceFramework<IAudioController> {
@@ -113,7 +118,8 @@ public:
 
 class ISelfController final : public ServiceFramework<ISelfController> {
 public:
-    explicit ISelfController(std::shared_ptr<NVFlinger::NVFlinger> nvflinger);
+    explicit ISelfController(Core::System& system_,
+                             std::shared_ptr<NVFlinger::NVFlinger> nvflinger_);
     ~ISelfController() override;
 
 private:
@@ -208,7 +214,7 @@ private:
 
 class ILibraryAppletCreator final : public ServiceFramework<ILibraryAppletCreator> {
 public:
-    ILibraryAppletCreator(u64 current_process_title_id);
+    explicit ILibraryAppletCreator(Core::System& system_);
     ~ILibraryAppletCreator() override;
 
 private:
@@ -216,12 +222,12 @@ private:
     void CreateStorage(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void CreateTransferMemoryStorage(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
 
-    u64 current_process_title_id;
+    Core::System& system;
 };
 
 class IApplicationFunctions final : public ServiceFramework<IApplicationFunctions> {
 public:
-    IApplicationFunctions();
+    explicit IApplicationFunctions(Core::System& system_);
     ~IApplicationFunctions() override;
 
 private:
@@ -242,6 +248,10 @@ private:
     void BeginBlockingHomeButton(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void EndBlockingHomeButton(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void EnableApplicationCrashReport(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void GetGpuErrorDetectedSystemEvent(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+
+    Kernel::EventPair gpu_error_detected_event;
+    Core::System& system;
 };
 
 class IHomeMenuFunctions final : public ServiceFramework<IHomeMenuFunctions> {
@@ -275,5 +285,4 @@ public:
 void InstallInterfaces(SM::ServiceManager& service_manager,
                        std::shared_ptr<NVFlinger::NVFlinger> nvflinger, Core::System& system);
 
-} // namespace AM
-} // namespace Service
+} // namespace Service::AM

src/core/hle/service/am/applet_ae.cpp

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushIpcInterface<ISelfController>(nvflinger);
+        rb.PushIpcInterface<ISelfController>(system, nvflinger);
     }
 
     void GetWindowController(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushIpcInterface<IWindowController>();
+        rb.PushIpcInterface<IWindowController>(system);
     }
 
     void GetAudioController(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushIpcInterface<ILibraryAppletCreator>(system.CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID());
+        rb.PushIpcInterface<ILibraryAppletCreator>(system);
     }
 
     void GetApplicationFunctions(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushIpcInterface<IApplicationFunctions>();
+        rb.PushIpcInterface<IApplicationFunctions>(system);
     }
 
     std::shared_ptr<NVFlinger::NVFlinger> nvflinger;
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushIpcInterface<ISelfController>(nvflinger);
+        rb.PushIpcInterface<ISelfController>(system, nvflinger);
     }
 
     void GetWindowController(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushIpcInterface<IWindowController>();
+        rb.PushIpcInterface<IWindowController>(system);
     }
 
     void GetAudioController(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushIpcInterface<ILibraryAppletCreator>(system.CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID());
+        rb.PushIpcInterface<ILibraryAppletCreator>(system);
     }
 
     void GetHomeMenuFunctions(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {

src/core/hle/service/am/applet_ae.h

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
 
 namespace Service {
+namespace FileSystem {
+class FileSystemController;
+}
+
 namespace NVFlinger {
 class NVFlinger;
 }

src/core/hle/service/am/applet_oe.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "core/hle/ipc_helpers.h"
-#include "core/hle/kernel/process.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/am.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/am/applet_oe.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvflinger/nvflinger.h"
@@ -64,7 +63,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushIpcInterface<IWindowController>();
+        rb.PushIpcInterface<IWindowController>(system);
     }
 
     void GetSelfController(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushIpcInterface<ISelfController>(nvflinger);
+        rb.PushIpcInterface<ISelfController>(system, nvflinger);
     }
 
     void GetCommonStateGetter(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -88,7 +87,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushIpcInterface<ILibraryAppletCreator>(system.CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID());
+        rb.PushIpcInterface<ILibraryAppletCreator>(system);
     }
 
     void GetApplicationFunctions(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -96,7 +95,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};
         rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        rb.PushIpcInterface<IApplicationFunctions>();
+        rb.PushIpcInterface<IApplicationFunctions>(system);
     }
 
     std::shared_ptr<NVFlinger::NVFlinger> nvflinger;

src/core/hle/service/am/applet_oe.h

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
 
 namespace Service {
+namespace FileSystem {
+class FileSystemController;
+}
+
 namespace NVFlinger {
 class NVFlinger;
 }

src/core/hle/service/am/applets/applets.cpp

@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@
 
 namespace Service::AM::Applets {
 
-AppletDataBroker::AppletDataBroker() {
-    auto& kernel = Core::System::GetInstance().Kernel();
+AppletDataBroker::AppletDataBroker(Kernel::KernelCore& kernel) {
     state_changed_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
         kernel, Kernel::ResetType::Manual, "ILibraryAppletAccessor:StateChangedEvent");
     pop_out_data_event = Kernel::WritableEvent::CreateEventPair(
@@ -121,7 +120,7 @@ Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::ReadableEvent> AppletDataBroker::GetStateChangedEvent(
     return state_changed_event.readable;
 }
 
-Applet::Applet() = default;
+Applet::Applet(Kernel::KernelCore& kernel_) : broker{kernel_} {}
 
 Applet::~Applet() = default;
 
@@ -154,7 +153,7 @@ AppletFrontendSet::AppletFrontendSet(AppletFrontendSet&&) noexcept = default;
 
 AppletFrontendSet& AppletFrontendSet::operator=(AppletFrontendSet&&) noexcept = default;
 
-AppletManager::AppletManager() = default;
+AppletManager::AppletManager(Core::System& system_) : system{system_} {}
 
 AppletManager::~AppletManager() = default;
 
@@ -216,28 +215,28 @@ void AppletManager::ClearAll() {
     frontend = {};
 }
 
-std::shared_ptr<Applet> AppletManager::GetApplet(AppletId id, u64 current_process_title_id) const {
+std::shared_ptr<Applet> AppletManager::GetApplet(AppletId id) const {
     switch (id) {
     case AppletId::Auth:
-        return std::make_shared<Auth>(*frontend.parental_controls);
+        return std::make_shared<Auth>(system, *frontend.parental_controls);
     case AppletId::Error:
-        return std::make_shared<Error>(*frontend.error);
+        return std::make_shared<Error>(system, *frontend.error);
     case AppletId::ProfileSelect:
-        return std::make_shared<ProfileSelect>(*frontend.profile_select);
+        return std::make_shared<ProfileSelect>(system, *frontend.profile_select);
     case AppletId::SoftwareKeyboard:
-        return std::make_shared<SoftwareKeyboard>(*frontend.software_keyboard);
+        return std::make_shared<SoftwareKeyboard>(system, *frontend.software_keyboard);
     case AppletId::PhotoViewer:
-        return std::make_shared<PhotoViewer>(*frontend.photo_viewer);
+        return std::make_shared<PhotoViewer>(system, *frontend.photo_viewer);
     case AppletId::LibAppletShop:
-        return std::make_shared<WebBrowser>(*frontend.web_browser, current_process_title_id,
+        return std::make_shared<WebBrowser>(system, *frontend.web_browser,
                                             frontend.e_commerce.get());
     case AppletId::LibAppletOff:
-        return std::make_shared<WebBrowser>(*frontend.web_browser, current_process_title_id);
+        return std::make_shared<WebBrowser>(system, *frontend.web_browser);
     default:
         UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG(
             "No backend implementation exists for applet_id={:02X}! Falling back to stub applet.",
             static_cast<u8>(id));
-        return std::make_shared<StubApplet>(id);
+        return std::make_shared<StubApplet>(system, id);
     }
 }
 

src/core/hle/service/am/applets/applets.h

@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@
 
 union ResultCode;
 
+namespace Core {
+class System;
+}
+
 namespace Core::Frontend {
 class ECommerceApplet;
 class ErrorApplet;
@@ -22,6 +26,10 @@ class SoftwareKeyboardApplet;
 class WebBrowserApplet;
 } // namespace Core::Frontend
 
+namespace Kernel {
+class KernelCore;
+}
+
 namespace Service::AM {
 
 class IStorage;
@@ -53,7 +61,7 @@ enum class AppletId : u32 {
 
 class AppletDataBroker final {
 public:
-    AppletDataBroker();
+    explicit AppletDataBroker(Kernel::KernelCore& kernel_);
     ~AppletDataBroker();
 
     struct RawChannelData {
@@ -108,7 +116,7 @@ private:
 
 class Applet {
 public:
-    Applet();
+    explicit Applet(Kernel::KernelCore& kernel_);
     virtual ~Applet();
 
     virtual void Initialize();
@@ -179,7 +187,7 @@ struct AppletFrontendSet {
 
 class AppletManager {
 public:
-    AppletManager();
+    explicit AppletManager(Core::System& system_);
     ~AppletManager();
 
     void SetAppletFrontendSet(AppletFrontendSet set);
@@ -187,10 +195,11 @@ public:
     void SetDefaultAppletsIfMissing();
     void ClearAll();
 
-    std::shared_ptr<Applet> GetApplet(AppletId id, u64 current_process_title_id) const;
+    std::shared_ptr<Applet> GetApplet(AppletId id) const;
 
 private:
     AppletFrontendSet frontend;
+    Core::System& system;
 };
 
 } // namespace Applets

src/core/hle/service/am/applets/error.cpp

@@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ ResultCode Decode64BitError(u64 error) {
 
 } // Anonymous namespace
 
-Error::Error(const Core::Frontend::ErrorApplet& frontend) : frontend(frontend) {}
+Error::Error(Core::System& system_, const Core::Frontend::ErrorApplet& frontend_)
+    : Applet{system_.Kernel()}, frontend(frontend_), system{system_} {}
 
 Error::~Error() = default;
 
@@ -145,8 +146,8 @@ void Error::Execute() {
     }
 
     const auto callback = [this] { DisplayCompleted(); };
-    const auto title_id = Core::CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID();
-    const auto& reporter{Core::System::GetInstance().GetReporter()};
+    const auto title_id = system.CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID();
+    const auto& reporter{system.GetReporter()};
 
     switch (mode) {
     case ErrorAppletMode::ShowError: